ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant during a well-baby visit. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: No head lag when pulled to a sitting position is a normal finding at 4 months of age. They should not have doll's eye reflex intact, which means that their eyes move in the opposite direction of their head when turned. This reflex normally disappears by 3 months of age and its persistence may indicate brain damage. The presence of tears when crying is a normal finding at 4 months of age. They should also have positive Babinski reflex, which means that their toes fan out when their sole is stroked. This reflex normally disappears by 12 months of age.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes: The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,C,D,F,G
Rationale: A. Cutting and filing the child's fingernails frequently can help prevent scratching and further irritation of the skin. B. Atopic dermatitis is not contagious, so this statement is incorrect. C. Applying emollients (moisturizers) to the child's skin after bathing can help hydrate the skin and reduce itching. D. Using a mild detergent for the child's laundry can help minimize skin irritation. E. Pimecrolimus cream is a topical immunomodulator that may be used for atopic dermatitis, but the thick layer application is not typically recommended for children due to safety concerns. F. Applying gloves to the child's hands can prevent scratching and further damage to the skin. G. Atopic dermatitis often has periods of exacerbation (flare-ups) followed by periods of improvement.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 3 of 5
The child is at risk for developing_____ and _____.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: A. Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys commonly associated with fever and lethargy, especially in young children. B. Renal scarring can occur as a complication of untreated or recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs), particularly pyelonephritis. C. While acute glomerulonephritis can occur following certain infections such as streptococcal infections, it is less commonly associated with fever and lethargy compared to pyelonephritis. D. Polycystic kidney disease typically presents later in life and is not typically associated with acute febrile illness in a 1-year-old toddler. E. Nephrotic syndrome typically presents with edema, proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia, rather than the symptoms described in the scenario.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching the guardian of a newborn about how to prepare their 3-year-old child to meet their new sibling. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Preparing for a change in all routines may cause unnecessary anxiety for the child. Providing a doll allows the child to imitate parental behaviors, fostering a sense of involvement and understanding. Simply informing the child about a new playmate may not adequately prepare them for the arrival of a sibling. Waiting for the newborn to come home before transitioning the older child from a crib to a bed may not be necessary and could delay the transition unnecessarily.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who is in the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The nurse should weigh the child once per day, preferably in the morning and using the same scale and clothing, to monitor fluid status and response to treatment. Weight is the most accurate indicator of fluid balance in children with nephrotic syndrome. Positioning the child supine at bedtime is not specifically indicated for the acute stage of nephrotic syndrome. This can worsen edema and respiratory distress. Limiting calorie intake to 45 cal/kg/day is too low and can cause malnutrition and growth failure. Increasing fluid intake to 2 L/day is contraindicated in a child with nephrotic syndrome, as it can exacerbate edema and fluid overload.