ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
3-month-old infant with diarrhea
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 3-month-old infant who has diarrhea. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased hematocrit. Diarrhea can lead to dehydration in infants, resulting in a decrease in blood volume and concentration of red blood cells. This can cause an increase in hematocrit levels as the blood becomes more concentrated. Decreased heart rate (choice
A) is not typically associated with diarrhea in infants. Bulging fontanel (choice
B) is a sign of increased intracranial pressure, not related to diarrhea. Polyuria (choice
C) is excessive urination, not typically seen in infants with diarrhea.
Therefore, the correct answer is D as it directly relates to dehydration and the body's compensatory response.
Extract:
1-month-old infant whose parent states, 'My baby seems to cry a lot.'
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 1-month-old infant. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Your baby's crying is a way to communicate with you." This response acknowledges the infant's cry as a form of communication, which is essential at this age. Infants cry to express their needs, such as hunger, discomfort, or fatigue. By validating the infant's communication, the nurse can promote a secure attachment and responsive caregiving.
Choices B and C are incorrect because they may imply blame on the parent or suggest that the crying is abnormal.
Choice D is incorrect as it promotes the outdated belief of letting babies cry it out to self-soothe, which can be harmful and disregards the infant's needs. It is essential to prioritize responsive caregiving and understanding the infant's cues.
Extract:
Preschool-age child with celiac disease
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the parents of a preschool-age child who has celiac disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "Your child will be on a gluten-free diet for the rest of her life." Celiac disease is a lifelong autoimmune condition where the body reacts to gluten. Removing gluten from the diet is the only treatment.
Choice A is incorrect because celiac disease requires a gluten-free diet, not low-protein.
Choice B is incorrect as high-fiber diets may worsen symptoms in some cases.
Choice C is incorrect because wheat flour contains gluten, which should be avoided.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0915: Received the child awake, alert, and crying. Parent states that child was playing with remote control toy and when the parent heard the child crying, they noticed that a battery was missing from the toy. The parent states that the child was drooling more than usual and witnessed them gagging periodically. 0930: Child is lying on parent's chest with eyes open and requesting 'sippy cup.' Continues to have expiratory wheezing in bilateral upper lobes. Preparing child for diagnostic testing.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse should first ___
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Keep the child NPO. This is the priority because it ensures the child's safety before any other interventions. Keeping the child NPO helps prevent aspiration during any potential procedures or treatments. Obtaining informed consent (
A) is important but not the first step in this situation. Teaching the child's parents (
C) can wait until the child's immediate needs are addressed.
Extract:
School-age child with autism spectrum disorder
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Introduce the child to new situations slowly. For a child with autism spectrum disorder, new situations can be overwhelming and lead to anxiety. By introducing the child to new situations slowly, the nurse can help the child feel more comfortable and reduce stress. This approach allows the child to gradually adapt and build confidence. Staying with the child for long periods of time (
A) may lead to dependency and hinder the child's independence. Giving the child three options when making choices (
B) may be too overwhelming and cause confusion. Explaining procedures in detail to the child (
C) may be helpful, but it may not address the main issue of introducing the child to new situations slowly.