ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering naloxone to a client who has developed an adverse reaction to morphine. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a therapeutic effect of naloxone?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Increased respiratory rate. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids like morphine by blocking their receptors. Morphine can cause respiratory depression, so naloxone's therapeutic effect is to increase the client's respiratory rate. This helps prevent respiratory failure.
A: Nausea is not a direct effect of naloxone administration.
B: Naloxone does not provide additional pain relief but rather reverses the pain relief effects of opioids.
C: Naloxone may cause an increase in blood pressure due to its stimulatory effects on the cardiovascular system.
D: Increased respiratory rate is the correct therapeutic effect of naloxone.
E, F, G:
Choices are not provided.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who is taking atorvastatin. Which of the following laboratory values indicates the treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: LDL 120 mg/dL. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower LDL cholesterol levels. An LDL value of 120 mg/dL indicates a reduction in LDL levels, demonstrating the effectiveness of the treatment in managing cholesterol. The other options, A, B, and C, do not directly reflect the effectiveness of atorvastatin in lowering cholesterol. BUN measures kidney function, blood glucose levels reflect blood sugar control, and urine specific gravity indicates the concentration of urine. These values are not specific to evaluating the efficacy of atorvastatin in lowering LDL cholesterol levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (SATA)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
A: Polypharmacy in older adults can increase the risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions.
C: Decreased percentage of body fat can lead to altered drug distribution and increased drug concentrations.
D: Older adults with multiple health problems may have compromised organ function, leading to increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions.
E: Older adults are more likely to have age-related changes in drug metabolism, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications.
Summary:
B: Increased rate of absorption is not necessarily a risk factor for adverse drug reactions in older adults.
F & G:
Choices not provided, so cannot be considered as risk factors.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy and a prescription for doxazosin. The client tells the nurse, 'I do not take this medication. I would prefer a natural therapy.' Which of the following supplements should the nurse suggest the client discuss with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saw palmetto. Saw palmetto is a commonly used herbal remedy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms. It has been shown to potentially reduce urinary symptoms and improve quality of life in BPH patients. The nurse should suggest the client discuss saw palmetto with the provider as it may be a suitable alternative to doxazosin.
A: Black cohosh is not typically used for BPH and is more commonly used for menopausal symptoms in women.
B: Garlic does not have a direct link to treating BPH symptoms.
C: Feverfew is primarily used for migraines and inflammatory conditions, not for BPH.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they are not commonly associated with treating BPH symptoms, unlike saw palmetto which has some evidence supporting its use in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a guardian of a school-age child who has a new prescription for a fluticasone metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? (SATA)
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C, D, E
Rationale:
C: Shake the device prior to administration helps ensure proper mixing of the medication for effective delivery.
D: A spacer will make it easier to use the device by helping the child inhale the medication more effectively and reducing the risk of side effects.
E: Using a spacer also reduces the likelihood of oral thrush, a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Soaking the inhaler in water after use is unnecessary and may damage the device.
B: Taking one inhalation as needed for shortness of breath is not an appropriate dosing instruction for a maintenance medication like fluticasone.