ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering midazolam to a client who is undergoing an endoscopic procedure. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory depression. Midazolam is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression, especially when given in higher doses or in combination with other central nervous system depressants. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of respiratory distress, such as decreased respiratory rate, shallow breathing, or oxygen desaturation. Respiratory depression can lead to hypoxia and respiratory arrest if not promptly recognized and managed. Ringing in the ears (
B), increased blood pressure (
C), and urinary retention (
D) are not common adverse effects of midazolam. Monitoring for these symptoms would not be a priority when administering midazolam.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress respiratory drive. This leads to a decrease in respiratory rate. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Oxycodone does not directly inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. C: Oxycodone does not block sodium channels to suspend nerve conduction. D: Oxycodone does not directly promote vasodilation of cranial arteries. In summary, the respiratory depression caused by oxycodone is due to its effect on the central nervous system, not its actions on prostaglandin synthesis, sodium channels, or cranial arteries.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is transcribing a new prescription for a client which states, 'Diphenhydramine 50 mg NOW.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contact the provider to clarify the prescription. This is the correct action because the prescription lacks specific instructions on how the medication should be administered. By contacting the provider, the nurse can seek clarification on the frequency and route of administration, ensuring the client receives the medication safely and effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because immediately sending the medication without clarification could lead to potential errors in administration.
Choice B is incorrect as it assumes the client knows how to use the medication without proper instructions.
Choice D is incorrect as administering the medication within 90 minutes without clarity on the prescription could jeopardize the client's safety.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for a metered-dose inhaler. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, C, and E. A spacer improves drug delivery and reduces side effects. Inhaling slowly helps medication reach the lungs. Holding the mouthpiece between the lips ensures proper inhalation technique. Rinsing the mouth after use prevents oral thrush.
Choice D is incorrect as the inhaler may be for prevention too.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for a daily dose of lovastatin extended release. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy." This is important because lovastatin, as a statin medication, can potentially cause liver damage. Liver function tests are necessary to monitor any adverse effects. Option A is incorrect because there is no need to avoid dairy products with lovastatin. Option B is incorrect as extended-release medications should not be crushed. Option C is incorrect as the timing of the medication is not specified.