ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering medications to a client who weighs 132 lb. The prescription reads chloramphenicol, 50mg/kg/day in 4 divided doses. Available is chloramphenicol 100 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse give with each dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A (7.5 mL).
To calculate the dose, first determine the total daily dose: 50mg/kg/day x 132 lb = 6600 mg. Next, divide the total daily dose by the number of doses per day (4 doses) to get the dose per administration: 6600 mg / 4 = 1650 mg. Finally, calculate the volume needed for each dose by dividing the dose per administration by the concentration of the medication (100 mg/mL): 1650 mg / 100 mg/mL = 16.5 mL. Since the question specifies 4 divided doses, divide the total daily volume (16.5 mL) by 2 to get the volume for each divided dose: 16.5 mL / 2 = 8.25 mL, which rounds to 7.5 mL.
Choice B is incorrect because it does not account for the divided doses accurately.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not align
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer an antibiotic via intermittent IV bolus to a client who is already receiving an infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride at 100 mL/hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hang the secondary infusion higher than the primary IV infusion. This is to ensure that the antibiotic is infused first and at a faster rate than the maintenance fluid, preventing dilution of the antibiotic. Placing the secondary infusion higher allows gravity to push the antibiotic into the bloodstream before the maintenance fluid. Having another nurse verify the medication (choice
A) is a good practice but not directly related to the administration process. Disconnecting the primary IV infusion (choice
C) would interrupt the maintenance fluid, causing potential harm to the client. Flushing the IV site with sterile water (choice
D) is not necessary in this case and could introduce contaminants.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking furosemide for heart failure. Which of the following findings indicates an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hearing loss. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can cause ototoxicity, leading to hearing loss. This adverse effect is important for the nurse to monitor in clients taking furosemide. Increased blood pressure (
A) is not an adverse effect of furosemide but rather a desired outcome in heart failure management. Ankle edema (
C) is actually a symptom of heart failure and should improve with furosemide use. Decreased blood sugar (
D) is not a common adverse effect of furosemide.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who is to start taking prednisone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to prednisone therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Has a systemic fungal infection. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune system, making the body more susceptible to fungal infections.
Therefore, having a systemic fungal infection would be a contraindication to prednisone therapy as it could worsen the existing infection.
A: Prior episode of kidney stones - This is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy.
C: History of asthma - Prednisone is commonly used to manage asthma, so having a history of asthma does not contraindicate its use.
D: Taking levothyroxine orally - Levothyroxine is a thyroid hormone replacement medication and does not directly interact with prednisone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client who has a new prescription for a daily dose of lovastatin extended release. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "You will need liver function tests before beginning therapy." This is important because lovastatin, as a statin medication, can potentially cause liver damage. Liver function tests are necessary to monitor any adverse effects. Option A is incorrect because there is no need to avoid dairy products with lovastatin. Option B is incorrect as extended-release medications should not be crushed. Option C is incorrect as the timing of the medication is not specified.