Community Health Verified Questions and Answers Test Bank -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Decreased sensitivity


Rationale: In clients with AIDS, the immune system is compromised, leading to decreased sensitivity of the skin test in detecting tuberculosis. The weakened immune response can result in false-negative results, as the body may not mount a sufficient reaction to the tuberculin protein. This means the test may not accurately identify individuals who actually have tuberculosis.

Summary of Other

Choices:
A: Decreased positive predictive value - Not necessarily affected by AIDS; depends on the prevalence of the disease.
B: Decreased reliability - Reliability refers to consistency, not directly impacted by AIDS.
D: Decreased specificity - Specificity is not typically affected by AIDS; refers to the test's ability to correctly identify those without the disease.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: They tend to live in major metropolitan areas. This is because large metropolitan areas offer more job opportunities, cultural diversity, and support networks for foreign-born residents.
Choice B is incorrect as rural areas typically have fewer resources and opportunities for immigrants.
Choice C is incorrect as many foreign-born residents have high school education or higher.
Choice D is incorrect as foreign-born residents include a diverse group of individuals, not just refugees and non-immigrants.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, cultural competence, as it refers to the nurse's ability to provide care that is respectful and responsive to the unique cultural needs and preferences of the individual. This includes understanding and integrating cultural beliefs, values, and practices into the care plan. Cultural diversity (
B) simply acknowledges the presence of different cultures, while cultural knowledge (
C) focuses on understanding specific cultural practices. However, cultural competence (
D) goes beyond knowledge by emphasizing the application of this understanding in providing individualized care.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Descriptive epidemiological study. This type of study focuses on describing patterns of disease occurrence in a population. In this scenario, the principal is making an observation about the increased prevalence of asthma cases in the school, which aligns with the purpose of a descriptive epidemiological study. This study helps in identifying trends, generating hypotheses, and informing public health interventions.


Choice B, Ecological study, examines the relationship between variables at the population level, not individual cases like in this scenario.

Choices C and D, Prospective and Retrospective cohort studies, involve following a group of individuals over time, which is not applicable to the principal's observation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased positive predictive value. In clients with AIDS, the immune system is compromised, leading to false-negative results on tuberculosis skin tests. This decreases the accuracy of the test in correctly identifying true positive cases, hence reducing the positive predictive value. Decreased reliability (
B) implies inconsistency, which is not specifically related to AIDS affecting the immune response. Decreased sensitivity (
C) means the test may miss true positives, but this is more about the test's ability to detect cases rather than the predictive value. Decreased specificity (
D) would result in more false positives, which is not the primary concern in AIDS patients.