ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is administering 4 mg of hydromorphone to a client by mouth every 4 hr. The medication is provided as hydromorphone 8 mg per tablet. Which of the following actions is appropriate for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Dispose of the remaining medication while another nurse observes. This is appropriate to prevent any potential diversion or misuse of the leftover medication. By disposing of the remaining half of the pill in the presence of another nurse, it ensures accountability and adherence to medication administration protocols. Storing the remaining half of the pill in the automated medication dispensing system (
A), placing it in the unit-dose package (
B), or returning it to the facility's pharmacy (
C) are not recommended as these actions do not guarantee proper disposal or prevent unauthorized access.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is to receive potassium replacement. The provider's prescription reads, 'Potassium chloride 30 mEq in 0.9% sodium chloride 100 mL IV over 30 min.' For which of the following reasons should the nurse clarify this prescription with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The potassium infusion rate is too rapid. Potassium replacement via IV should be administered at a rate that reduces the risk of adverse effects, such as cardiac arrhythmias. Administering 30 mEq of potassium chloride in 100 mL over 30 minutes could result in a rapid infusion rate, potentially leading to hyperkalemia and cardiac complications.
Therefore, the nurse should clarify this prescription with the provider to ensure a safer infusion rate.
Other options are incorrect:
A: The client should not receive potassium via IV bolus as it can cause serious adverse effects.
B: There is no indication that another formulation of potassium is necessary.
C: Potassium chloride should be diluted in saline, not dextrose, for IV administration, so this is not a reason to clarify the prescription.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who requires treatment for high cholesterol. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Colesevelam. Colesevelam is a bile acid sequestrant used to help reduce high cholesterol levels by binding to bile acids in the intestine, preventing their reabsorption. This leads to an increase in the excretion of bile acids, which in turn stimulates the liver to produce more bile acids from cholesterol, thereby lowering overall cholesterol levels.
Choice B, Chlorpromazine, is an antipsychotic medication and not used for treating high cholesterol.
Choice C, Cimetidine, is a histamine-2 blocker used for gastrointestinal issues, not high cholesterol.
Choice D, Colchicine, is used to treat gout and familial Mediterranean fever, not high cholesterol.
Therefore, the correct answer is A, as it directly targets high cholesterol levels.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure. The nurse administered furosemide 60 mg IV bolus 30 min earlier. For which of the following findings should the nurse notify the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should notify the provider when the client reports dizziness upon standing after receiving furosemide due to the risk of hypotension. Dizziness may indicate orthostatic hypotension, a common side effect of furosemide, which can lead to falls and injury. This requires immediate attention to prevent complications.
Choices A and B are within normal ranges and do not indicate immediate concern.
Choice D, difficulty hearing, is not directly related to furosemide administration and is a less urgent issue compared to dizziness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for total parental nutrition (TPN). Which of the following routes of administration should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Central venous access device. TPN is a hypertonic solution that can cause damage to peripheral veins. Central venous access devices allow for the administration of TPN into larger central veins, minimizing the risk of complications such as phlebitis and thrombosis. Midline catheters are not ideal for TPN due to the hypertonicity of the solution. Subcutaneous and intraosseous routes are not appropriate for TPN administration as they are not capable of delivering the solution effectively.