ATI RN
ATI Pediatrics Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
A child with tonic-clonic seizure disorder, on Phenytoin, with mild exercise-induced asthma.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in the provider's office is caring for a child who has a history of tonic-clonic seizure disorder. Three months ago, the neurologist changed the child's antiepileptic medications to include Phenytoin due to increasing number of seizures per guardian. The child has a 1-year history of mild exercise-induced asthma for which they were prescribed a rescue inhaler of albuterol prn. The client is at risk for developing __ due to __.
Correct Answer: A,E
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gingival hyperplasia and E: Phenytoin. Phenytoin is known to cause gingival hyperplasia as a side effect. The child is at risk for developing this condition due to being on Phenytoin medication. Gingival hyperplasia is an overgrowth of gum tissue that can lead to oral health issues. Other choices are incorrect because hypoglycemia is not typically associated with Phenytoin use, status epilepticus is a possible complication of seizures but not directly related to Phenytoin, bronchospasm is more likely to occur in asthma exacerbations rather than with Phenytoin use, and exercise and albuterol are not directly linked to the child's risk for developing gingival hyperplasia.
Extract:
A 3-year-old child admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child who was admitted with acute diarrhea and dehydration. Which of the following findings indicates that oral rehydration therapy has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Urine specific gravity of 1.015 indicates effective oral rehydration therapy. A specific gravity of 1.015 is within the normal range for urine concentration, suggesting adequate hydration. A lower specific gravity indicates dilute urine, which is a sign of overhydration, while a higher specific gravity indicates concentrated urine, a sign of dehydration.
Choices A and B are vital signs that are not directly indicative of hydration status.
Choice D, capillary refill of greater than 3 seconds, is a sign of poor perfusion and dehydration.
Extract:
A 5-month-old infant scheduled for a lumbar puncture to rule out meningitis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a 5-month-old infant who is scheduled for a lumbar puncture to rule out meningitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Apply a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine cream topically 15 min prior to the procedure. This is done to provide local anesthesia to minimize discomfort for the infant during the lumbar puncture. Applying the cream 15 minutes before the procedure allows sufficient time for it to take effect. Holding the infant's chin to his chest and knees to his abdomen (choice
A) is incorrect as it can obstruct the procedure and is not recommended. Placing the infant in an infant seat for 2 hours following the procedure (choice
B) is unnecessary and can be uncomfortable for the infant. Keeping the infant NPO for 6 hours prior to the procedure (choice
C) is not required for a lumbar puncture.
Extract:
A child with suspected rheumatic fever, prescribed an antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who was admitted with suspected rheumatic fever. The provider prescribes an antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer. The parent asks the nurse the purpose of the test. Which of the following responses should the nurse give?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: This test will confirm if your child had a recent streptococcal infection. The ASO titer measures the level of antibodies in the blood that the body produces in response to a streptococcal infection. Elevated levels indicate recent infection.
Choice B is incorrect as ASO titer does not directly indicate rheumatic fever.
Choice C is incorrect as it measures antibodies, not immunity.
Choice D is incorrect as ASO titer is not used to monitor aminoglycoside levels.
Extract:
A toddler with a fractured right femur in Bryant traction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a toddler who has a fractured right femur and is in Bryant traction. When determining that the traction is appropriately assembled, the nurse should observe which of the following?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: The buttocks is elevated slightly off of the bed. In Bryant traction, the buttocks should be elevated slightly off the bed to ensure proper alignment and application of traction to the fractured femur. Elevating the buttocks helps to maintain the correct angle and prevent complications such as pressure ulcers and nerve damage.
Incorrect options:
A: Weights are attached to a pin that is inserted into the femur - This is incorrect as weights are typically attached to the traction frame, not directly to the bone.
B: Skin straps maintain the leg in an extended position - Skin straps are not typically used in Bryant traction.
C: A padded sling is under the knee of the affected leg - This is incorrect as Bryant traction does not involve the use of a padded sling under the knee.