ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 11 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in the labor and delivery unit is caring for a client who is undergoing external fetal monitoring. The nurse observes that the fetal heart rate begins to slow after the start of a contraction, and the lowest rate occurs after the peak of the contraction. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Place the client in the lateral position. This action helps improve maternal perfusion and oxygenation to the fetus by increasing blood flow to the placenta. Placing the client in the lateral position can alleviate compression on the vena cava, which may be causing the fetal heart rate deceleration. Elevating the client's legs (
B) may not directly address the issue of decreased perfusion. Increasing the rate of maintenance IV infusion (
C) may not be necessary if the vena cava compression is the cause. Administering oxygen using a nonrebreather mask (
D) may be indicated if the fetal heart rate deceleration persists, but placing the client in the lateral position should be the initial intervention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer methylnaltrexone 12 mg subcutaneously to a client who has opioid-induced constipation. Available is methylnaltrexone 8 mg/0.4 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 0.6
Rationale:
Correct Answer: 0.6 mL
Rationale:
1. Calculate the total dose needed: 12 mg
2. Determine the concentration: 8 mg/0.4 mL
3. Use the formula: dose required/concentration on hand = volume to administer
4. Substitute values: 12 mg/8 mg = x/0.4 mL
5. Solve for x: x = (12 mg * 0.4 mL) / 8 mg = 0.6 mL
Summary:
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Choice A: Incorrect, as it does not align with the correct calculation.
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Choices B to G: Irrelevant, as they do not provide any valid reasoning or calculations.
Question 3 of 5
Which findings are normal age-related physiological changes? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answers are A, B, D, and E.
A: Decline in long-term memory is a normal age-related change due to the natural aging process affecting cognitive functions.
B: Diminished visual acuity is common as the eye's lens becomes less flexible with age.
D: Decreased stress response is normal as the body's ability to handle stress weakens with age.
E: Increased susceptibility to urinary tract infections is a result of changes in the urinary system due to aging.
Choices C, F, and G are incorrect as increased heart rate is not a typical age-related change, and options F and G are not provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who is at 12 weeks gestation. The client asks about the cause of her heartburn. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased progesterone production causes decreased motility of smooth muscle. Progesterone, a hormone produced during pregnancy, relaxes smooth muscle including the lower esophageal sphincter, leading to reflux and heartburn. This is a common cause of heartburn in pregnant women.
Choice B is incorrect because although the growing uterus can contribute to heartburn by displacing the stomach, it is not the primary cause.
Choice C is incorrect because increased estrogen production does not directly cause increased secretion of hydrochloric acid, which is more related to progesterone levels.
Choice D is incorrect because retained bile in the liver does not play a significant role in causing heartburn.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in labor and has an external fetal monitor. The nurse observes early decelerations on the monitor strip and interprets them as indicating which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fetal head compression. Early decelerations are gradual, mirror the contraction pattern, and are caused by pressure on the fetal head during contractions. This is a normal response to labor and does not indicate fetal distress. Umbilical cord compression (choice
A) would result in variable decelerations. Uteroplacental insufficiency (choice
B) would cause late decelerations. Maternal bradycardia (choice
D) would not directly affect the fetal heart rate.