ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
Toddler with manifestations of epiglottitis
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a toddler who has manifestations of epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Initiate droplet precautions. This is the first action the nurse should take because epiglottitis is a medical emergency with the potential for rapid airway compromise. By initiating droplet precautions, the nurse can help prevent the spread of infection to others while also protecting themselves. Obtaining an x-ray (choice
A) or administering antibiotics (choice
C) can be important interventions but should not take precedence over protecting the airway. Placing intubation equipment (choice
B) at the bedside may be necessary but is not the first action to prioritize in this situation.
Extract:
School-age child who weighs 55 lb
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer diphenhydramine 1.25 mg/kg IV to a school-age child who weighs 55 lb. Available is diphenhydramine 50 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of diphenhydramine for the child, first convert the weight from pounds to kg: 55 lb ÷ 2.2 = 25 kg.
Then calculate the dose: 1.25 mg/kg x 25 kg = 31.25 mg. Next, determine how many mL are needed: 31.25 mg ÷ 50 mg/mL = 0.625 mL. Since we need to round to the nearest tenth, the correct answer is 0.6 mL (choice
B). Other choices are incorrect due to incorrect calculations or rounding errors.
Choice A is too low, C is too high, and D is also too high.
Extract:
Adolescent experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis with painful joints, fever, and abdominal pain
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is developing a plan of care for an adolescent who is experiencing a vaso-occlusive crisis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate IV fluids. During a vaso-occlusive crisis in sickle cell disease, there is a risk of dehydration due to increased red blood cell destruction and decreased blood flow to tissues. IV fluids help to maintain hydration, improve blood flow, and prevent complications. Administering antispasmodics (choice
A) is not typically indicated for vaso-occlusive crisis. Applying ice to joints (choice
B) may provide temporary relief but does not address the underlying issue of dehydration. Assessing for hyperkalemia (choice
D) is important but not the priority intervention in this case.
Extract:
20-year-old adolescent with syphilis
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a 20-year-old adolescent who has syphilis. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I have to notify the public health department." This statement is important in the case of syphilis because it is a notifiable disease, meaning healthcare providers are required by law to report cases to the public health department for tracking and monitoring. By notifying the public health department, they can initiate contact tracing, treatment follow-up, and prevent further spread of the disease.
A: Reviewing side effects of metronidazole is not directly related to syphilis management.
B: Contacting the adolescent's parents may violate confidentiality and may not be necessary.
C: Asking the adolescent to come back for retesting is important but not as crucial as notifying the public health department.
Summary: The correct answer ensures appropriate public health measures are taken, while the other choices are either not directly related to the disease or not as critical in the management of syphilis.
Extract:
School-age child with pertussis
Question 5 of 5
A charge nurse is observing a staff nurse who is caring for a child who has pertussis. Which of the following actions by the staff nurse indicates an understanding of infection control practices?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Maintains droplet precautions while the child is coughing and sneezing. This is the correct action because pertussis is spread through droplets when the child coughs or sneezes. Droplet precautions involve wearing a mask within close proximity to the patient to prevent the spread of respiratory secretions.
Explanation for why other choices are incorrect:
A: Airborne precautions are not necessary for pertussis, as it is transmitted through droplets.
C: Wearing gloves when assisting the child to the bathroom is a standard precaution for contact with bodily fluids, but it does not specifically address the transmission of pertussis.
D: Applying a face mask after entering the child's room is not as effective as maintaining droplet precautions during close contact with the child.
Overall, choice B is the most appropriate in preventing the transmission of pertussis in this scenario.