ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Nursing Exam (70 NGN Questions with Answers) Questions
Extract:
Exhibit 1
Diagnostic Results Cerebrospinal fluid Pressure:
22 cm H2O (less than 20 cm H2O) Color: Cloudy (clear or colorless) Blood: None (none)
Cells
RBC: 0 (0)
WBC: 36 cells/mcL (0 to 30 cells/mcL) Protein: 92 mg/dL (up to 70 mg/dL) Glucose: 36 mg/dL
(50 to 75 mg/dL)
Serum glucose: 64 mg/dL (60 to 100 mg/dL)
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer ceftriaxone. In infants, ceftriaxone is commonly used for treating bacterial infections due to its broad-spectrum coverage. It is important to initiate prompt treatment in infants to prevent complications. Administering a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (choice
B) is important for prevention but not an immediate action in this scenario. Initiating serum glucose testing every 1 hr (choice
C) is not necessary unless there are specific indications, as it may cause unnecessary stress to the infant. Neutropenic precautions (choice
D) are not relevant in this case as there is no indication of neutropenia.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 6-week-old infant. History and Physical
Infant was full-term at birth. Birth weight was 3.5 kg (7.7 lb). Infant is not gaining weight as expected. One week ago at outpatient visit, weight was 3.6 kg (7.9 lb).
Parent reports for past 2 days infant is breathing faster during feedings and does not finish feedings. Parent also reports decreased appetite and puffiness around the infant's eyes. Parent states that the last wet diaper was about 10 hr ago. Infant admitted for diagnostic evaluation, failure to thrive, and nutritional/fluid support.
Vital Signs Admission:
Temperature 37.7° C (99.9° F) Heart rate 174/min while sleeping Respiratory rate 72/min while sleeping
Assessment:
Admission:
Respirations: Tachypneic with moderate retractions and nasal flaring. Upon auscultation, crackles heard in all lung fields. No nasal drainage noted. Dry cough noted periodically. Skin: Pallor, scalp is diaphoretic, lower extremities are cool to touch.
Cardiac: Tachycardic, regular rhythm, no murmur is heard. Peripheral pulses are full and bounding in the upper extremities and weak bilateral pedal pulses are noted.
Fluids: Mucous membranes are slightly dry and pink. Skin turgor is slightly decreased. Capillary refill is 3 seconds. Noted periorbital edema and nonpitting edema of feet.
Anterior fontanel is soft and slightly depressed. Diaper remains dry. Abdomen: Soft, full, round, bowel sounds are present and active.
Blood pressure in right upper extremity 60/39 mm Hg Oxygen saturation 90% Laboratory Results
Admission:
Chest x-ray: mild left ventricular hypertrophy is noted. Increased pulmonary vascular markings are noted in all lobes.
Question 2 of 5
Specify 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: The correct parameters for the nurse to monitor to assess the client's progress are intake and output (
B) and respiratory status (
C). Monitoring intake and output is crucial to assess fluid balance and kidney function. Changes in these values can indicate dehydration or fluid overload. Respiratory status should be monitored to assess oxygenation and ventilation, which are essential for tissue perfusion and overall health.
The incorrect choices are A, D, E, F, and G. A (Number of steatorrhea stools) is not directly related to assessing overall client progress. D (Presence of periorbital edema) may be indicative of fluid retention but is not as direct as intake and output monitoring.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided, thus not applicable to the question.
Extract:
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who has gastroenteritis.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of severe dehydration?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sunken anterior fontanel. This finding is indicative of severe dehydration in infants, as it suggests significant fluid loss and decreased tissue turgor. A sunken fontanel is a late sign of dehydration.
Choice A is incorrect as a capillary refill time of 3 seconds is within normal limits.
Choice C may be seen in mild to moderate dehydration, but severe dehydration would involve a greater weight loss.
Choice D is not specific to dehydration, as tear production can still occur even in cases of dehydration.
Extract:
A nurse is performing a cranial nerve assessment on a school-age child.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following findings indicates proper functioning of the child's trigeminal nerve?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because symmetrical jaw strength when biting down indicates proper functioning of the trigeminal nerve, which controls the muscles of mastication.
Choice A relates to the vestibular system, not the trigeminal nerve.
Choice B involves the glossopharyngeal and vagus nerves.
Choice C is related to the olfactory nerve.
Extract:
A nurse in the emergency department is preparing to discharge a 3-year- old child Nurses' Notes
The child's guardian states the child has been unable to sleep recently and has been very irritable. Guardian expresses concern about the child's atopic dermatitis worsening and the child scratching excessively, which results in the areas bleeding. Guardian states the child has a history of allergic rhinitis.
Assessment
Child is alert and responsive.
Respiratory rate even and nonlabored at rate of 24/min. No adventitious sounds auscultated. Heart rate 108/min
Generalized small clusters of reddish, scaly patches with lichenifications and depigmentation on the child's bilateral upper and lower extremities.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian?
Correct Answer: A,B,D,F,G
Rationale: The correct answer includes multiple important statements for the discharge instructions.
A: Cutting and filing fingernails prevent scratching and potential skin damage.
B: Cystic fibrosis is relevant medical information for the child's care.
D: Informing about occasional flare-ups helps prepare the guardian.
F: Applying gloves prevents scratching and potential skin infection.
G: Emollients maintain skin hydration and prevent dryness. These instructions promote optimal care and management of the child's condition. Other choices are incorrect as they either provide irrelevant information (
C), are not necessary for the child's care (E), or do not directly contribute to the child's well-being (
B).