ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is assessing a client who is overusing prescribed diuretics and has a sodium level of 127 mEq/L. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low urine specific gravity. Excessive diuretic use can lead to volume depletion and low sodium levels. Low sodium levels cause the kidneys to excrete more water, resulting in dilute urine with low specific gravity. High urine specific gravity would indicate concentrated urine, which is not expected in this situation. Elevated potassium levels (choice
C) are not typically associated with overuse of diuretics, as diuretics can actually lead to potassium loss. Similarly, decreased potassium levels (choice
D) are commonly seen with diuretic use due to increased excretion of potassium by the kidneys.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching about stool consistency to a client who will undergo a colectomy with the placement of an ileostomy. Which of the following information about stool consistency should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The stool will have a high volume of liquid. Following a colectomy with an ileostomy, the client will have fecal output from the small intestine, resulting in a high volume of liquid stool. This is because the large intestine, responsible for absorbing water and forming solid stool, is bypassed with an ileostomy.
Choice A is incorrect because the stool will not be firm and well-formed.
Choice C is incorrect because the stool will not be similar to normal bowel movements due to the absence of the large intestine.
Choice D is incorrect as the stool will not be hard and difficult to pass.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Increase water intake and use bulk-forming laxatives. This is because increasing water intake helps soften stool, making it easier to pass, and bulk-forming laxatives add bulk to stool, aiding in bowel movements for individuals with IBS-C. Stimulant laxatives (
A) can lead to dependency and worsen symptoms. Avoiding fiber-rich foods (
B) can exacerbate constipation. Eating a low-carbohydrate diet (
D) may not directly address the constipation associated with IBS-C.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse is inspecting a clients residence for electrical hazards as part of the agencys quality improvement plan. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a safety hazard?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. An IV pump is plugged into an outlet near a sink.
Rationale: Plugging an IV pump near a sink poses a significant risk of electrical shock due to water exposure. Water conducts electricity and can lead to electrocution. This situation directly violates electrical safety guidelines.
Summary of other choices:
B. A lamp with a short cord in the bedroom: While a short cord may not be ideal, it does not pose an immediate safety hazard unless it is frayed or damaged.
C. A television plugged into a surge protector: This is a safe practice as surge protectors help prevent damage from power surges and do not pose a direct safety hazard.
D. The client uses a nightlight in the hallway: Nightlights are commonly used for safety and do not typically pose an electrical hazard if used correctly.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a clients understanding of a surgical procedure prior to witnessing their signature on the informed consent form. The nurse determines that the client does not understand what the procedure will involve. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Contact the provider who will be performing the procedure. This is the best course of action because the provider is the most qualified individual to explain the procedure in detail and address any concerns the client may have. By involving the provider, the client can receive accurate and comprehensive information directly from the source. Proceeding with obtaining the signature (
A) without ensuring the client's understanding can lead to potential legal and ethical issues. Explaining the procedure in detail (
B) may not be sufficient if the client still has questions or concerns. Having the client sign the form and addressing concerns later (
D) is not appropriate as it prioritizes paperwork over patient understanding and safety.