ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is administering naloxone to a client who is experiencing opioid toxicity. Following administration of the medication, which of the following should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Breath sounds. When administering naloxone for opioid toxicity, the priority assessment should be the client's breath sounds. Naloxone can cause rapid reversal of opioid effects, potentially leading to respiratory depression or even respiratory arrest.
Therefore, assessing the client's breath sounds will help the nurse determine if the client is effectively breathing post-administration. If breath sounds are absent or inadequate, immediate intervention may be necessary to maintain airway patency and oxygenation. Assessing heart rate (
A), pain level (
B), and blood pressure (
C) are important but come after ensuring adequate breathing.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer hydrochlorothiazide to a client. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor the client for?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypotension. Hydrochlorothiazide is a diuretic that works by increasing urine output, leading to decreased blood volume and potential lowering of blood pressure.
Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs of hypotension such as dizziness, weakness, or fainting. Ototoxicity (
A) is not associated with hydrochlorothiazide. Weight gain (
B) is unlikely as the medication promotes fluid loss. Hyperkalemia (
C) is not a common adverse effect of hydrochlorothiazide, as it typically lowers potassium levels.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a group of clients. Which of the following client's medications should be monitored by the nurse for hearing loss related to a medication interaction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Furosemide and amikacin. Furosemide is a loop diuretic known to cause hearing loss, especially when used in combination with aminoglycosides like amikacin. Aminoglycosides can potentiate the ototoxic effects of loop diuretics, leading to hearing loss. Propranolol and raloxifene (
B), Digoxin and levothyroxine (
C), and Losartan and atorvastatin (
D) do not have known interactions leading to hearing loss. Monitoring Furosemide and amikacin combination is crucial to prevent adverse effects.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of clients about proper disposal of unused pain medications at home. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mix unused medications in coffee grounds before disposing of them. Mixing medications in coffee grounds helps to make them unattractive to children, pets, and individuals who may intentionally seek them out. It also helps to mask the medication's smell to deter others from retrieving them. This method is recommended by the FDA and EPA for safe medication disposal.
Choice A is incorrect because throwing medications in a dumpster can lead to misuse by others.
Choice B is incorrect as it does not ensure the medication is properly disposed of.
Choice C is incorrect as crushing opioids can still be dangerous if retrieved by others.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissues surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps to reduce swelling and promote fluid reabsorption, preventing further infiltration. By elevating the extremity, gravity assists in draining the excess fluid back into circulation. Applying pressure (choice
A) may further damage tissues. Slowing the infusion rate (choice
B) may not be sufficient to prevent further infiltration. Flushing the IV catheter (choice
D) is not appropriate in this situation as it does not address the issue of infiltration.