ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamental Proctored Exam With NGN Graded Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a senior center is counseling a group of older adults about their nutritional needs and considerations. Which of the following information should the nurse include? Select all.
Correct Answer: A, B, C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C.
A: Older adults are more prone to dehydration due to age-related physiological changes that decrease the body's ability to conserve water.
B: While older adults generally need the same amount of vitamins and minerals as younger adults, they may require higher amounts of certain nutrients like vitamin D and calcium.
C: Many older men and women may need calcium supplementation to prevent osteoporosis and maintain bone health.
Incorrect choices:
D: Older adults typically need fewer calories as they age due to decreased metabolism and physical activity.
E: There is no specific recommendation for older adults to consume a diet low in carbohydrates, as carbohydrates are an essential energy source.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 1 day postop following a total knee arthroplasty. The client states his pain level is a 10 on a scale of 0-10. After reviewing the client's medication administration record, which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Morphine 2 mg IV. Postoperative pain management is crucial for patient comfort and recovery. IV morphine is a potent opioid analgesic that provides quick and effective pain relief. The IV route allows for rapid onset of action, making it suitable for severe pain like in this case. Meperidine (choice
A) is not recommended due to its toxic metabolite accumulation risk. Fentanyl patch (choice
B) has a delayed onset and is not ideal for immediate pain relief. Oxycodone PO (choice
D) is a less potent oral option compared to IV morphine for severe pain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about taking multiple oral meds at home to include time-release capsules, liquid meds, enteric-coated pills, & narcotics. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will eat 2 crackers with the pain pills." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because taking narcotics with food, such as crackers, can help reduce stomach upset and nausea commonly associated with these medications. This demonstrates the client's awareness of the importance of food intake when taking certain medications.
Choice A is incorrect because opening a time-release capsule and sprinkling the beads on food can alter the medication's intended release mechanism.
Choice B is incorrect as mixing liquid meds with pudding may not ensure proper dosage or absorption.
Choice C is incorrect as crushing enteric-coated pills can interfere with their delayed-release properties.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client how to administer medication through a jejunostomy tube. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale:
Choice A is correct because flushing the jejunostomy tube before and after each medication helps prevent clogging and ensures proper delivery. Flushing clears the tube and ensures medication is fully administered.
Choice B is incorrect as medications should not be administered with enteral feedings to prevent interactions.
Choice C is incorrect as tablets should be crushed before administration.
Choice D is incorrect as crushed medications should be dissolved one at a time to avoid interactions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse educator is teaching a module on pharmacokinetics to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements by a newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the 1st-pass effect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:
1. The 1st-pass effect refers to the metabolism of a drug in the liver before it reaches systemic circulation.
2. Medications administered orally undergo first-pass metabolism in the liver, leading to potential inactivation.
3. Administering such meds through nonenteral routes (e.g., intravenous) bypasses the liver, avoiding inactivation.
4.
Choice A discusses receptor activity, not related to the first-pass effect.
5.
Choice C refers to drug elimination rate, not specific to the first-pass effect.
6.
Choice D discusses safety margin and monitoring, not directly related to drug metabolism.