ATI RN
ATI Adult Medical Surgical 2019 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is teaching a client about the self-management of GERD. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Elevating the head of the bed 6-8 inches during sleep reduces GERD symptoms by preventing acid reflux. Increasing calories, lying down after meals, or eating close to bedtime worsen symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is reviewing a client's ECG reading. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the client has first-degree heart block?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: First-degree heart block is characterized by prolonged PR intervals (>0.20 seconds) due to delayed AV node conduction. Nondiscernible P waves, more P waves than QRS, or no P-QRS correlation indicate other arrhythmias.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure. Which of the following client statements should indicate to the nurse that the client needs a referral for cardiac rehabilitation?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Extreme fatigue, such as being too tired to brush teeth, indicates significant functional limitation in heart failure, warranting cardiac rehabilitation. Daily weighing and low-sodium diets are standard management, and vague complaints are less specific.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has cancer. The client tells the nurse, 'I would prefer to try vitamins and minerals instead of chemotherapy.' Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Asking the client about their knowledge of chemotherapy encourages discussion, identifies misconceptions, and respects their autonomy. Directing to the provider is less engaging, dismissing holistic treatments is disrespectful, and advocating only chemotherapy ignores client preferences.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has bounding pulses, crackles on auscultation, and pink frothy secretions when receiving suctioning. The nurse should recognize these assessment findings as indicating which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Bounding pulses, crackles, and pink frothy secretions indicate fluid volume excess, often due to heart failure causing pulmonary edema. Increased cardiac output, pleural effusion, and aspiration do not typically present with these findings.