ATI RN
ATI RN Fundamentals 2023 Questions
Extract:
Medical History
Initial visit:
Client reports a sedentary lifestyle.
Client is lactose intolerant and denies taking vitamin supplements. Client is a nonsmoker.
Client does not drink alcohol.
Diagnostic Results
Initial visit:
• Calcium 8.9 mg/dL (9 to 10.5 mg/dL)
• Phosphorus 3.4 mg/dL (3 to 4.5 mg/dL)
• Total 25-hydroxy D (vitamin D2+ D3) 24 ng/dL (25 to 80 ng/dL)
6-month follow-up:
• Calcium 8.8 mg/dL (9 to 10.5 mg/dL)
• Phosphorus 3.2 mg/dL (3 to 4.5 mg/dL)
• Total 25-hydroxy D (vitamin D2+D) 15 ng/dL (25 to 80 ng/dL)
Nurses' Notes
Initial visit:
Client instructed to take a calcium and vitamin D supplement and begin an exercise program, such as walking 3 times per week.
6-month follow-up:
Client states they frequently forget to take their calcium and vitamin D supplements and has been unable to exercise due to time constraints.
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a provider's office is caring for a client. Exhibits:The nurse is reviewing the client's medical record. Which of the following findings places the client at risk for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C,F
Rationale: The correct answers are C: Vitamin D level and F: Activity level. Low levels of Vitamin D can lead to decreased calcium absorption, which is essential for bone health, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. A sedentary lifestyle or low activity level can also contribute to bone loss and weaken bones, further predisposing the client to osteoporosis.
Incorrect answers:
A: Lactose intolerance does not directly increase the risk of osteoporosis unless it leads to significant calcium deficiency.
B: Smoking is a risk factor for osteoporosis, but it is not listed as an option in this question.
D: Phosphorus levels are not typically used as a direct indicator of osteoporosis risk.
E: While excessive alcohol consumption can negatively impact bone health, it is not listed as a risk factor in this question.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Day 1, 1100:
• Temperature 39.1° C (102.4° F)
• Pulse rate 102/min
• Respiratory rate 26/min
• Blood pressure 122/80 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 86% on room air
• Weight 90.7 kg (200 lb)
Day 2, 1200:
• Temperature 38° C (100.4" F)
• Pulse rate 100/min
• Respiratory rate 22/min
• Blood pressure 120/74 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 88% on nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Day 3, 1200:
• Temperature 37.2° C (98.9" F)
• Pulse rate 90/min
• Respiratory rate 20/min
• Blood pressure 120/72 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 91% on nasal cannula at 3 L/min
Day 4, 1500:
• Temperature 37.2° C (98.9° F)
• Pulse rate 92/min
• Respiratory rate 22/min
• Blood pressure 120/72 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 93% on nasal cannula at 3 L/min: 88% on room air
Vital Signs
Day 1, 1100:
• Temperature 39.1° C (102.4° F)
• Pulse rate 102/min
• Respiratory rate 26/min
• Blood pressure 122/80 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 86% on room air
• Weight 90.7 kg (200 lb)
Day 2, 1200:
• Temperature 38° C (100.4" F)
• Pulse rate 100/min
• Respiratory rate 22/min
• Blood pressure 120/74 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 88% on nasal cannula at 2 L/min
Day 3, 1200:
• Temperature 37.2° C (98.9" F)
• Pulse rate 90/min
• Respiratory rate 20/min
• Blood pressure 120/72 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 91% on nasal cannula at 3 L/min
Day 4, 1500:
• Temperature 37.2° C (98.9° F)
• Pulse rate 92/min
• Respiratory rate 22/min
• Blood pressure 120/72 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 93% on nasal cannula at 3 L/min: 88% on room air
Medication Administration Record
Day 1, 1500:
• Cefazolin 500 mg every 12 hr IV Dexamethasone 15 mg every 6 hr IV
Day 3, 1200:
• Discontinue dexamethasone 15 mg every 6 hr IV Prednisone 40 mg PO daily
Day 4, 1500:
• Discontinue cefazolin 500 mg every 12 hr IV
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching for the client and their caregiver. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A,C
Rationale: The correct answers are A and C. Option A is important as adjusting oxygen flow rate can help ease breathing, ensuring optimal oxygen delivery. Option C advises storing the oxygen cylinder wrench with the tank for easy access in case of emergencies. These two pieces of information are crucial for maintaining proper oxygen therapy and ensuring safety.
Options B, E, F, and G are incorrect. Option B states a specific duration for antibiotic therapy, which may vary depending on the type of infection. Option E relates to steroid medication administration timing, which can vary based on the specific medication and condition. Option F provides general advice on antibiotic administration but may not apply to all antibiotics. Option G implies a specific tapering schedule for steroids, which should be individualized based on the patient's condition and response.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching an older adult client about reducing the risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I will walk three times per week." Walking is weight-bearing exercise, which helps build bone density and reduce the risk of osteoporosis. Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone growth and strengthen bones. This statement indicates that the client understands the importance of physical activity in maintaining bone health.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Avoiding exposure to the sun is not recommended as sunlight exposure helps the body produce Vitamin D, essential for calcium absorption.
B: Decreasing intake of dairy products can lead to a lack of calcium, which is crucial for bone health.
D: Taking only 250 milligrams of calcium once per day is insufficient for most older adults who require higher doses to maintain bone health.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse is teaching a client about home safety. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A,B,C
Rationale: The correct answer is A, B, and C.
A: Using grab bars when getting in and out of the bathtub enhances safety.
B: Having a fire escape plan is crucial for emergency preparedness.
C: Checking medication expiration dates ensures medication efficacy.
These choices promote home safety. Incorrect choices D and E can be dangerous. Setting the hot water heater to 140 degrees Fahrenheit can cause scalding burns. Applying tape to electrical cords is a fire hazard.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer packed RBCs to a client who has a low hemoglobin level. Which of the following actions should the nurse take prior to the start of the infusion?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the blood product's compatibility with the client's blood type. This step is crucial to prevent a transfusion reaction, as administering incompatible blood can be life-threatening. The nurse should verify the blood product against the client's blood type and Rh factor to ensure compatibility.
A: Priming the IV tubing with lactated Ringer's is not necessary before administering packed RBCs and does not ensure the blood product's compatibility.
B: Confirming the client's identity with the blood bank technician is important but does not directly relate to ensuring the blood product's compatibility.
C: Checking for a small gauge IV catheter is important for infusion, but it is not directly related to ensuring the blood product's compatibility.
Overall, the priority before administering packed RBCs is to confirm compatibility with the client's blood type to prevent adverse reactions.