ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who is postmenopausal and has risk factors for osteoporosis. The nurse anticipates the client will be prescribed which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Raloxifene hydrochloride, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is used to prevent and treat osteoporosis in postmenopausal women by preventing bone loss and reducing fracture risk. Levothyroxine treats hypothyroidism, escitalopram treats depression, and calcitonin is not typically first-line for osteoporosis.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has advanced stage prostate cancer. The nurse should expect the provider to prescribe which of the following medications for this client?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Leuprolide, a GnRH agonist, is commonly used in advanced prostate cancer to reduce testosterone levels, slowing cancer growth. Tamoxifen is used for breast cancer, cyclophosphamide is a chemotherapy drug not specific to prostate cancer, and finasteride treats benign prostatic hyperplasia, not advanced prostate cancer.
Question 3 of 5
A pediatric nurse health educator provides a teaching session to the nursing staff regarding hemophilia. Which of the following information regarding this disorder would the nurse plan to include in this discussion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Hemophilia is an X-linked recessive disorder, with males inheriting it from carrier mothers. Hemophilia B involves factor IX deficiency, females are typically carriers, and it is not Y-linked.
Question 4 of 5
Blood loss is a major cause of iron deficiency in adults. Some sources of chronic blood loss in adults are all except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Loss of intrinsic factor causes pernicious anemia, not iron deficiency. Gastrointestinal, peptic ulcer, and genitourinary bleeding are common causes of chronic blood loss leading to iron deficiency.
Question 5 of 5
TJ, a 30-year-old client is admitted in sickle cell crisis with symptoms of dyspnea and leg pain. TJ's significant other asks, 'I don't really understand why he is hurting so badly.' Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This response accurately explains that sickled red blood cells clump and block blood flow, causing pain due to tissue ischemia. The other options are incorrect or less relevant to the pain mechanism.