ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 60-year-old client at an annual examination. The client asks the nurse about receiving a shingles vaccination. The nurse should identify that which of the following medications prescribed to the client is a contraindication for receiving this vaccine?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Methotrexate. Methotrexate is an immunosuppressive medication that can weaken the immune system, making the client more susceptible to infections. Shingles vaccine is a live vaccine, and it is contraindicated in individuals taking immunosuppressive medications due to the risk of developing the infection the vaccine is meant to prevent.
Incorrect options:
A: Metformin - Metformin does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
C: Estrogen - Estrogen does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
D: Esomeprazole - Esomeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor and does not interact with the shingles vaccine and is not a contraindication for receiving the vaccine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who was prescribed phenytoin. Which of the following adverse effects of this medication should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ataxia. Phenytoin is an antiepileptic medication that can cause ataxia, which is a condition characterized by loss of coordination and unsteady movements. Ataxia can be a sign of toxicity and requires immediate attention from the provider to adjust the dosage or consider alternative treatments.
A: Gingival hyperplasia is a common side effect of phenytoin but is not typically considered an urgent issue requiring immediate provider notification.
B: Drowsiness is a common side effect of phenytoin and may not necessarily indicate toxicity.
D: Hirsutism, or abnormal hair growth, is not typically associated with phenytoin use and is not a known adverse effect of the medication.
Therefore, the nurse should report ataxia to the provider as it may indicate a serious problem with the medication.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who refuses to take their prescribed medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: "I will notify your provider of your decision." This answer is correct because it shows respect for the client's autonomy while also ensuring that the healthcare provider is informed of the client's decision to refuse medication. By notifying the provider, the nurse ensures that the client's healthcare team is aware of the situation and can make any necessary adjustments to the treatment plan.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because they do not prioritize the client's autonomy and may come across as judgmental or dismissive.
Choice A minimizes the client's concerns, choice B puts the client on the spot without addressing the underlying reasons for refusal, and choice D uses a threatening approach that may harm the nurse-client relationship. It's important for the nurse to respect the client's decision while also ensuring that proper communication with the healthcare team is maintained.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has major burns and is experiencing dehydration. The nurse should anticipate a prescription to infuse which of the following solutions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Lactated Ringer's solution. Lactated Ringer's is the best choice for a client with major burns and dehydration as it is an isotonic solution that helps restore fluid balance and electrolytes lost due to burns. It contains sodium, chloride, potassium, calcium, and lactate, which are essential for cellular function and can help with rehydration. Dextrose 5% solutions (B and
C) are hypotonic and may worsen the cellular dehydration in this case. 0.45% sodium chloride (
D) is a hypotonic solution and may not provide enough electrolyte replacement for a client with major burns.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has rheumatoid arthritis about a new prescription for infliximab. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "You will be at an increased risk for infection while receiving this medication." Infliximab is an immunosuppressant medication used to treat rheumatoid arthritis by targeting the immune system. As a result, it can increase the client's risk of infections. This information is crucial for the client to be aware of in order to take necessary precautions and monitor for signs of infection.
Choice A is incorrect because sun sensitivity is not a common side effect of infliximab.
Choice C is incorrect as the frequency and duration of infliximab infusions vary depending on the individual's response and the treatment plan.
Choice D is incorrect as metallic taste is not a commonly reported side effect of infliximab.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided in the question, making them irrelevant.