ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a cardiac care unit is caring for a client with acute right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated central venous pressure (CVP). In right-sided heart failure, the right ventricle fails to effectively pump blood to the lungs, causing blood to back up in the systemic circulation. This leads to increased pressure in the venous system, including the central veins. Elevated CVP is a classic sign of right-sided heart failure. Low blood pressure (
A) is more commonly associated with left-sided heart failure. Decreased urine output (
C) may occur due to poor perfusion but is not specific to right-sided heart failure. Increased lung crackles (
D) are typically seen in left-sided heart failure, not right-sided heart failure.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about snacks that are appropriate on a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Which of the following food choices by the client indicates the need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A slice of cheese. Cheese is high in fat, sodium, and cholesterol, making it unsuitable for a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. The client needs further teaching to understand that cheese does not align with their dietary restrictions. The other options (B, C,
D) are suitable choices for a low-fat, low-sodium, and low-cholesterol diet. Almonds are a source of healthy fats, a baked apple is low in fat and sodium, and carrot sticks with hummus are low in fat and cholesterol while providing fiber and nutrients. These options align with the client's dietary needs and do not require further teaching.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an ophthalmology clinic assesses a client suspected of having cataracts. What is an expected symptom?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased ability to perceive colors. Cataracts cause clouding of the eye's lens, leading to a decrease in the perception of colors. Eye pain (
A) is not a typical symptom of cataracts. Sudden vision loss (
B) is more commonly associated with conditions like retinal detachment. Excessive tearing (
D) is not a prominent symptom of cataracts. Make sure to assess for other symptoms like blurred vision, sensitivity to light, and difficulty seeing at night.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently had surgery for insertion of a permanent pacemaker. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. MRI of the chest should be clarified because the magnetic field can interfere with the function of the pacemaker, potentially causing harm to the patient. An electrocardiogram, chest X-ray, and echocardiogram are safe imaging tests that do not interfere with the pacemaker.
Therefore, D is the correct answer that should be clarified to ensure patient safety.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse evaluates a client's PSA lab results. An increase in PSA indicates what condition?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Prostatic cancer. PSA levels are commonly used as a marker for prostate cancer. Elevated PSA levels indicate an increased likelihood of prostate cancer. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (choice
A) is a non-cancerous condition that can also cause elevated PSA levels but is not indicative of cancer. Urinary tract infection (choice
C) and kidney stones (choice
D) do not directly affect PSA levels. The other choices (E, F, G) are not provided, but the key is to understand that an increase in PSA specifically points towards the possibility of prostatic cancer.