ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse in a burn treatment center is caring for a client who is admitted with severe burns to both lower extremities and is scheduled for an escharotomy. The client's spouse asks the nurse what the procedure entails. Which of the following nursing statements is appropriate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Large incisions will be made in the eschar to improve circulation. Escharotomy involves making incisions through the eschar (dead tissue) to relieve constriction and improve circulation in the burned area. By performing escharotomy, blood flow is restored, reducing the risk of compartment syndrome and tissue necrosis.
Choice A is incorrect because skin grafting is a separate procedure done to replace damaged tissue, not part of an escharotomy.
Choice C is incorrect as it describes debridement, not escharotomy.
Choice D is incorrect since escharotomy aims to improve circulation rather than remove the burned area entirely.
Question 2 of 5
A client reports skin dryness, redness, and scaling after radiation. What should the nurse advise?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Apply hydrating lotions. After radiation, skin can become dry and irritated. Hydrating lotions help to moisturize the skin and reduce dryness, redness, and scaling. They provide a protective barrier and promote skin healing. Advising the client to apply hydrating lotions is essential in maintaining skin integrity post-radiation.
Choice B: Scrubbing the area vigorously can further damage the skin and exacerbate irritation.
Choice C: Covering the area with adhesive bandages can trap moisture and lead to skin maceration.
Choice D: Avoiding moisturizing the skin can worsen dryness and discomfort.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse receives a unit of packed RBCs from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. The nurse should begin the infusion as soon as possible after receiving the packed RBCs to prevent bacterial growth and ensure the blood's optimal efficacy. Delaying the infusion could increase the risk of contamination.
Choice B (one hour after receiving the blood) is incorrect because it unnecessarily delays the infusion.
Choice C (two hours after receiving the blood) is also incorrect as it further prolongs the time before starting the infusion.
Choice D (immediately after lunch break) is incorrect as it does not prioritize the immediate need to administer the blood. Starting the infusion promptly is crucial to prevent any adverse reactions or complications for the patient.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for four hospitalized clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The client with gastroenteritis and fever is at risk for fluid volume deficit due to increased fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea. Fever also increases fluid loss through perspiration. The other choices do not directly indicate increased fluid loss. A: Antibiotics for wound infection may not directly lead to fluid volume deficit. C: IV fluids would help maintain hydration status, so this client is not at risk for deficit. D: Hypokalemia may be related to electrolyte imbalance, but not necessarily fluid volume deficit.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client with Addison's disease about its cause. What should the nurse say?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Addison's disease is caused by the lack of production of aldosterone by the adrenal gland. Aldosterone is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands that helps regulate blood pressure and electrolyte balance in the body. In Addison's disease, the adrenal glands do not produce enough aldosterone, leading to symptoms like low blood pressure, weakness, and electrolyte imbalances.
Choice A is incorrect because Addison's disease is not caused by the overproduction of growth hormone.
Choice C is incorrect as it mentions excess thyroid hormone, which is not related to Addison's disease.
Choice D is incorrect because Addison's disease is characterized by underactive, not overactive, adrenal glands.