ATI RN
ATI Med Surg Exam 9 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse caring for a client with acute peritonitis reviews the physician's orders. The orders include an NPO diet, insertion of a nasogastric tube set to low intermittent suction, and IV fluids at 50 mL per hour. When asked why he will need the NG tube, what is the nurse's best reply?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To administer medications and electrolytes is not the best reply for why the client will need the NG tube, because this is not the primary purpose of the NG tube in this case. The NG tube is mainly used to relieve gastric distension and prevent vomiting and aspiration. Medications and electrolytes can be given through the IV route.
To dilate the stomach as a presurgical preparation is not the best reply for why the client will need the NG tube, because this is not a valid indication for the NG tube in this case. The NG tube is mainly used to relieve gastric distension and prevent vomiting and aspiration. Dilation of the stomach is not a goal of presurgical preparation, but rather an adverse effect of gastric obstruction. You will not be able to eat for several days is not the best reply for why the client will need the NG tube, because this is not a complete or accurate explanation of the NG tube in this case. The NG tube is mainly used to relieve gastric distension and prevent vomiting and aspiration. The client will not be able to eat for several days because of the NPO diet, which is necessary to rest the inflamed peritoneum and reduce the risk of complications.
To remove secretions and decompress your stomach is the best reply for why the client will need the NG tube, because this is a clear and correct explanation of the NG tube in this case. The NG tube is mainly used to relieve gastric distension and prevent vomiting and aspiration, which are common symptoms of acute peritonitis. By removing secretions and decompressing the stomach, the NG tube can reduce pain, inflammation, and infection in the abdominal cavity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse provides education to a client diagnosed with inflammatory bowel syndrome (IBS) about measures to treat diarrhea caused by acute flare-ups. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Increasing the intake of leafy greens and other sources of dietary fiber can worsen diarrhea by increasing stool bulk and motility. Eating frequent small meals, increasing fluids, and taking prescribed medications help manage IBS symptoms.
Question 3 of 5
A client arrives with an upper respiratory infection and complains of otalgia, malaise, and nasal drainage. The client's temperature is $100.7 \mathrm{~F}$. Which of the following will the nurse anticipate providing to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Education on administration of oral antibiotics is appropriate as bacterial infections, indicated by fever and otalgia, are common in upper respiratory infections. Mastoidectomy education, hearing tests, and antifungal creams are not relevant for this condition.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse at an ophthalmology clinic is providing teaching to a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new treatment regimen of timolol and pilocarpine eye drops. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Administering medications 5 minutes apart prevents dilution or washout of one medication by another. Contact lenses must be removed, the dropper should not touch the eye, and pressure on the conjunctival sac is correct but not the best instruction here.
Question 5 of 5
When providing information to a client in the rehabilitative phase of a burn injury, which of the following will the nurse identify as the goal?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Resuming a functional role in society is the ultimate goal in the rehabilitative phase, focusing on independence and quality of life. Pain management, support, and infection prevention are interventions, not goals.