ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Exam 2024 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse administers a dose of metformin to a client instead of the prescribed dose of metoclopramidWhich of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Check the client's blood glucose. This is the first action the nurse should take because metformin is used to treat diabetes and can lower blood sugar levels. Checking the client's blood glucose will help assess if the client is experiencing hypoglycemia due to the medication error. Reporting the incident to the charge nurse (
A) and filling out an incident report (
D) are important steps, but assessing the client's immediate condition takes priority. Notifying the provider (
B) can be done after ensuring the client's safety. The other options are not relevant to addressing the immediate concern of potential hypoglycemia.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to a client with myasthenia gravis who is in a cholinergic crisis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale:
C: Atropine is the correct answer because it is an anticholinergic medication that can counteract the excess acetylcholine causing cholinergic crisis in myasthenia gravis.
Incorrect choices:
A: Potassium Iodide is used for thyroid conditions, not for myasthenia gravis crises.
B: Glucagon is used for hypoglycemia, not for myasthenia gravis crises.
D: Protamine is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not for myasthenia gravis crises.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to administer to a client who has heroin toxicity, is unresponsive, has pinpoint pupils, and a respiratory rate of 8/min?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist that reverses the effects of opioids like heroin. In this scenario, the client's symptoms of unresponsiveness, pinpoint pupils, and respiratory depression indicate opioid toxicity. Naloxone will competitively bind to opioid receptors, reversing respiratory depression and potentially restoring consciousness. Methadone (
A) is used for opioid dependence but not acute toxicity. Diazepam (
C) is a benzodiazepine and not indicated for opioid toxicity. Bupropion (
D) is an antidepressant and not appropriate for this situation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who received 0.9% sodium chloride 1 L over 4 hr instead of over 8 hr as prescribeWhich of the following information should the nurse enter as a complete documentation of the incident?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:
1. This choice clearly states the key information - the type of IV fluid, volume, and duration of infusion.
2. Mentioning that vital signs were stable indicates client's safety was monitored.
3. Notifying the provider is crucial for any deviation from the prescribed treatment plan.
Incorrect
Choices:
A. Fails to mention the type of IV fluid or client's vital signs, lacks detail.
C. Although it mentions the completion time, it does not address the deviation or client's tolerance.
D. Provides irrelevant information about the initiation time and lung assessment.
E. Similar to choice B, but lacks mentioning the infusion duration which is critical for documenting the incident.
Question 5 of 5
Which of the following over-the-counter medications should the nurse identify that the client should discontinue when starting lithium?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAI
D) that can increase lithium levels and lead to toxicity. NSAIDs compete with lithium for renal excretion, resulting in higher lithium levels. Aspirin (choice
A) is not typically contraindicated with lithium. Famotidine (choice
C) and Bisacodyl (choice
D) do not have significant interactions with lithium.