ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse accidently administers metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: A nurse administering metformin instead of metoprolol can lead to hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to assess for hypoglycemia and provide appropriate treatment. Monitoring thyroid function levels (
B), uric acid level (
C), and HDL level (
D) are not immediate priorities in this scenario. Thyroid function levels are not directly affected by metformin or metoprolol. Uric acid levels and HDL levels are also not directly relevant to the situation at hand.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to titrate a continuous nitroprusside infusion for a client. The nurse should plan to titrate the infusion according to which of the following assessments?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. When titrating a nitroprusside infusion, monitoring blood pressure is crucial as nitroprusside is a potent vasodilator that can cause hypotension. By adjusting the infusion rate based on blood pressure readings, the nurse can prevent hypotension or hypertension. Monitoring stroke volume, cardiac output, or urine output is not specific to nitroprusside titration and may not reflect the immediate effects of the medication on blood pressure. Blood pressure is the most direct indicator of the medication's hemodynamic effects and guides titration to maintain optimal perfusion pressure.
Extract:
Vital Signs Day 1:
Temperature 36.2 0 C (97.20 F) Respiratory rate 18/min
Heart rate 74/min
Blood pressure 1 1 8/68 mm Hg Sp02 96% on room air
Day 7:
Temperature 36.9 0 C (98.40 F) Heart rate 86/min
Respiratory rate 18/min Blood pressure 98/66 mm Hg Sp02 97% on room air
Provider Prescriptions Day 1:
Levodopa 250 mg/Carbidopa 25 mg 1 tablet daily Day
7:
Levodopa 250 mg/Carbidopa 25 mg 2 tablets daily
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E,F
Rationale: The correct statements to include when teaching the client about the prescribed medication are A, B, D, E, and F.
A: Consumption of a high-protein meal can reduce the effectiveness of the medication - Important for optimizing medication efficacy.
B: You can experience vivid nightmares - Warns of potential side effect.
D: The medication can cause nausea, so take with a meal - Helps manage potential side effect.
E: This medication can make you light-headed if you stand up too quickly from a seated or lying position - Warns of potential adverse effect.
F: You may initially notice an increase in involuntary movements - Informs about potential side effect.
These statements cover important aspects such as medication effectiveness, common side effects, how to manage side effects, and potential adverse effects. Other choices are incorrect because they do not address key information related to the medication's effects, side effects, or how to manage them effectively.
Extract:
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure. Somnolence (choice
A) is a common side effect of phenelzine but not related to the interaction with aged cheese. Diarrhea (choice
B) is not a typical manifestation of this interaction. Bradycardia (choice
C) is not associated with the MAOI and aged cheese interaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition and identifies that the client has hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Administer IV dextrose. Hypoglycemia in a client receiving parenteral nutrition indicates low blood sugar levels, which can lead to serious complications. Administering IV dextrose is crucial to rapidly increase the client's blood glucose levels and prevent further hypoglycemia-related issues. Discontinuing the infusion (
Choice
A) would worsen the hypoglycemia. Warming formula to room temperature (
Choice
C) and obtaining arterial blood gases (
Choice
D) are not directly related to treating hypoglycemia in this scenario.