ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse accidentally administers the medication metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is a medication used to treat diabetes, so administering it instead of metoprolol, a beta-blocker, can lead to hypoglycemia (low blood sugar). Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to assess if the client is experiencing hypoglycemia and to take appropriate action. Monitoring thyroid function levels (
A), collecting uric acid levels (
B), and obtaining HDL levels (
C) are not relevant in this situation and would not provide immediate information on the client's condition. Checking the glucose level is the priority to address the potential adverse effects of administering the wrong medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Increase in BP
Rationale: Albumin is a colloid solution that helps increase plasma volume, leading to an increase in blood pressure in patients with shock. This increase in BP is an expected outcome when administering albumin to a patient in shock.
Incorrect choices:
A: Oxygen saturation 96% - This finding is not directly related to the administration of albumin and does not indicate the expected response in a patient in shock.
B: PaCO2 30 mm Hg - PaCO2 levels are not typically influenced by the administration of albumin and are not a specific expected finding in this scenario.
D: Decrease in protein - Albumin is a protein, so administering it would not lead to a decrease in protein levels in the patient.
Summary: The correct answer is C because albumin infusion helps increase blood pressure in patients in shock.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the expected outcome of administering albumin in
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is 12 hr postpartum and has a third-degree perineal laceration. The client reports not having a bowel movement for 4 days. Which of the following medications should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bisacodyl 10 mg per rectum. This medication is a stimulant laxative that helps stimulate bowel movements and relieve constipation. In this scenario, the client's lack of bowel movement for 4 days postpartum, especially with a third-degree perineal laceration, can lead to discomfort and complications like fecal impaction. Administering a rectal suppository ensures a faster onset of action compared to oral medications.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Magnesium hydroxide is an oral laxative that may take longer to have an effect compared to a rectal suppository.
C: Famotidine is a medication used to reduce stomach acid and is not indicated for constipation.
D: Loperamide is an antidiarrheal medication and would worsen the client's constipation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about oral contraceptive. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Some herbal supplements can decrease the effectiveness of an oral contraceptive. The nurse should include this information in the teaching because certain herbal supplements like St. John's Wort can interact with oral contraceptives, reducing their effectiveness and potentially leading to unintended pregnancies. It is crucial for clients to be aware of this interaction to ensure the contraceptive's efficacy.
Choice A is incorrect because abdominal pain is not a common adverse effect of oral contraceptives.
Choice B is incorrect as fertility can return soon after stopping oral contraceptives, not necessarily taking up to 1 year.
Choice D is incorrect as a pelvic examination is not always required prior to starting oral contraceptives, depending on the client's medical history and age.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (SATA)
Correct Answer: A,C,D,E
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C, D, E
Rationale:
A: Polypharmacy in older adults can increase the risk of drug interactions and adverse reactions.
C: Decreased percentage of body fat can lead to altered drug distribution and increased drug concentrations.
D: Older adults with multiple health problems may have compromised organ function, leading to increased susceptibility to adverse drug reactions.
E: Older adults are more likely to have age-related changes in drug metabolism, which can affect the pharmacokinetics of medications.
Summary:
B: Increased rate of absorption is not necessarily a risk factor for adverse drug reactions in older adults.
F & G:
Choices not provided, so cannot be considered as risk factors.