Correct Answer: C

Rationale:
Rationale: Option C, providing counseling and therapy to individuals with diagnosed mental health disorders, is the correct answer for tertiary prevention. At this stage, the focus is on managing established mental health issues to prevent further complications or relapse. Counseling and therapy help individuals cope with their conditions and prevent escalation. Options A, B, and D are more aligned with primary and secondary prevention, focusing on promoting mental health, awareness, and early identification rather than managing existing conditions.
Therefore, they are not representative of tertiary prevention in mental health.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory depression/arrest. Heroin use can lead to respiratory depression which can progress to respiratory arrest, a life-threatening complication. This is due to heroin's effect on the central nervous system, slowing down breathing. Nasal septum perforation (
B) is more commonly associated with cocaine use. Acute pancreatitis (
C) is linked to alcohol abuse. Permanent short-term memory loss (
A) is not a direct consequence of heroin use.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Schizotypal personality disorder. This disorder is characterized by eccentric behavior, odd beliefs, and unusual perceptions. The client's claim of being able to read minds aligns with the belief in special powers or abilities often seen in individuals with schizotypal personality disorder. Paranoia, as in choice A, typically involves suspiciousness and mistrust of others, not claims of supernatural abilities. Avoidant personality disorder (
C) is characterized by social inhibition and feelings of inadequacy, not delusional beliefs. Antisocial personality disorder (
D) involves disregard for others' rights and can manifest as deceit and manipulation, but not necessarily as claiming supernatural abilities.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because taking multiple medications can lead to adverse interactions or toxicity, which are common risk factors for delirium in older adults. Medication-related delirium is a well-documented phenomenon due to drug-drug interactions, side effects, or sensitivity to certain medications in older individuals. This understanding indicates awareness of a significant risk factor.
Incorrect answers:
A: Age-related cognitive changes are normal in aging and may not directly lead to delirium.
B: Lack of exercise is important for overall health but not a primary risk factor for delirium.
C: Decreased social interaction can impact mental health but is not a direct risk factor for delirium.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Physical abuse. Physical abuse involves the intentional infliction of physical harm on an older adult, leading to injuries such as bruises, fractures, or wounds. This type of abuse can also include the use of restraints or force that causes pain or injury. The nurse must be able to recognize signs of physical abuse, such as unexplained injuries, reluctance to seek medical help, or inconsistent explanations for injuries. Financial exploitation (
A) involves the misuse or theft of an older adult's money or property. Emotional abuse (
B) includes verbal threats, insults, or isolation that causes emotional distress. Neglect (
C) refers to the failure to provide necessary care, leading to physical or emotional harm.