ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Rationale:
Choice D is correct because returning expired medication to the pharmacist ensures proper disposal, preventing environmental harm and misuse.
Choice A is incorrect as it can lead to accidental ingestion.
Choice B is incorrect as it can contaminate water sources.
Choice C is incorrect as it can harm aquatic life.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving high-dose metoclopramide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tardive dyskinesia. Metoclopramide, especially at high doses, can cause tardive dyskinesia, which is a serious movement disorder characterized by uncontrollable facial and body movements. This adverse effect is associated with long-term use of metoclopramide and can be irreversible.
A: Dry cough is not a common adverse effect of metoclopramide.
B: Oral candidiasis is a fungal infection and is not directly linked to metoclopramide use.
C: Black stools can be a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, which is not a typical adverse effect of metoclopramide.
D: Tardive dyskinesia is a known adverse effect of metoclopramide, especially with long-term use.
E, F, G: No additional options provided.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area. This site is recommended for enoxaparin injection as it minimizes the risk of hitting a large blood vessel or nerve. It also provides a safe and effective route for absorption. Massaging the injection site (
Choice
A) is not recommended as it can cause bruising or irritation. Expelling air bubbles (
Choice
B) is important to prevent air embolism, but this is not typically a concern with prefilled syringes. Holding the skin taut (
Choice
C) is not necessary and may cause unnecessary discomfort. Administering the medication into other areas of the body (
Choice E, F, G) may not provide consistent absorption or could lead to complications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause a drop in blood pressure, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions. Monitoring pulse rate (
B) may not be necessary for this medication. Taking a daily potassium supplement (
A) is typically not recommended as captopril can already increase potassium levels. Increasing sodium intake (
C) is counterproductive as it can worsen high blood pressure. Other choices are not directly related to the medication's side effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started haloperidol five days ago and is experiencing neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bromocriptine. Bromocriptine is a dopamine agonist that can help in the treatment of neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) by reducing dopamine levels in the brain. NMS is characterized by hyperthermia, muscle rigidity, altered mental status, and autonomic dysfunction. Bromocriptine helps counteract the excessive dopamine levels that contribute to NMS symptoms.
Summary of other choices:
A: Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms but not NMS.
B: Naloxone is an opioid receptor antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not indicated for NMS.
D: Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine used for allergic reactions and sedation, not for NMS treatment.