ATI RN
ATI Capstone Week 10 Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A group of nurses are discussing risk factors for transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) from clients. Which of the following individuals should the nurse identify as being at the greatest risk for contracting HIV?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A phlebotomist who collects blood from clients who have HIV. Phlebotomists are at the greatest risk because they have direct contact with the blood of clients who have HIV, which is a high-risk fluid for HIV transmission. Blood-to-blood contact is a significant mode of HIV transmission. The other choices involve lower-risk activities such as collecting urine samples (low risk for HIV transmission), working as an occupational therapist (minimal risk of exposure to blood or high-risk fluids), and working as a personal trainer (minimal risk of blood exposure).
Therefore, the phlebotomist has the highest risk due to the direct contact with HIV-infected blood.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client following a right cataract extraction. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Avoid lifting anything heavier than 4.5 kg (10 lb) for 1 week. This instruction is important post-cataract surgery to prevent strain on the eye and promote proper healing. Lifting heavy objects can increase intraocular pressure, potentially causing complications. The other choices are incorrect: A is not relevant to post-cataract surgery care, B is incorrect as sleeping on the abdomen can put pressure on the eye, D is incorrect as bending at the waist can also increase intraocular pressure.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is monitoring a client who has experienced anaphylactic shock. Which manifestations are associated with this condition? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B,C,D,F
Rationale: The correct manifestations associated with anaphylactic shock are chest pain, dyspnea, angioedema, and urticaria. Chest pain can result from decreased oxygen delivery to the heart due to decreased blood flow. Dyspnea is caused by bronchoconstriction and swelling of the airways. Angioedema is the swelling of deeper layers of the skin, often around the eyes or lips. Urticaria is the appearance of hives or raised, red, itchy welts on the skin. Increased awareness and hypertension are not typically associated with anaphylactic shock.
Therefore, choices A and E are incorrect.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 6-month-old infant who is postoperative following a myringotomy. Which of the following pain scales should the nurse use to determine the infant’s pain level?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: FLACC. The FLACC scale is recommended for infants and young children who cannot verbally communicate their pain level. It assesses Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability. This scale is particularly useful for postoperative pain assessment in infants like the 6-month-old in this scenario. The Face component looks for facial expressions indicating pain, Legs assesses the child's leg movement, Activity evaluates overall body movement, Cry measures the infant's vocalization, and Consolability checks if the infant can be comforted. The other choices are not as suitable for infants or postoperative pain assessment. Visual Analog Scale requires self-reporting, Oucher and Faces scales are more appropriate for older children who can point to a face or number to indicate pain level.
Question 5 of 5
A clinic nurse is performing a physical assessment on a client who has systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A dry, red rash across the bridge of the nose and on the cheeks. This finding is characteristic of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and is known as a "butterfly rash." The rash is a key clinical manifestation of SLE due to immune complex deposition in the skin. This rash typically spares the nasolabial folds, which helps differentiate it from other rashes. Pitting edema of the hands and fingers (choice
A) is not a typical finding in SLE and is more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure or kidney disease. Subcutaneous nodules on the ulnar side of the arm (choice
B) are more indicative of conditions like rheumatoid arthritis. A grey-colored, non-purpuric papular rash (choice
D) is not a typical manifestation of SLE.