ATI RN
ATI Nur 175 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A family in the emergency department is overwhelmed at the loss of several family members due to a shooting incident in the community. Which intervention should the nurse complete first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Restricting visiting of the victims until the bodies are prepared is a procedural step that can be managed without immediate involvement. While it's important, it does not directly address the family's immediate emotional needs. Providing privacy for law enforcement to interview the family is necessary for the investigation, but it should not take precedence over addressing the family's immediate emotional distress. Offering a calm location for the family to cope and discuss their needs addresses the immediate emotional and psychological support that the family requires in the wake of a traumatic event. It provides them with a safe space to begin processing their grief and start the healing process. Calling the hospital chaplain is a valuable step for providing spiritual and emotional support, but the first priority is to offer a calm and safe environment for the family. The chaplain can then be called to assist in this supportive space.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse provides care to a patient who is recovering from facial trauma who requires high-flow oxygen therapy. Which method of oxygen delivery does the nurse recognize as best for this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A face tent provides high-flow oxygen without facial contact, ideal for trauma.
Question 3 of 5
The emergency department nurse administers a prescribed narcotic for a client with renal colic and then discharges the client without ensuring the client has a designated driver. The client is subsequently involved in a motor vehicle collision on their way home, causing injury to self and others. Which ethical principle did the nurse violate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Veracity is the principle of truthfulness and honesty. It involves providing accurate information to clients and being truthful in communication. While important in healthcare, veracity does not specifically address the nurse's failure to ensure the client's safety after administering a narcotic. Autonomy refers to respecting the client's right to make their own decisions about their care. While autonomy is a fundamental ethical principle, the scenario involves the nurse's responsibility to ensure safety, which falls under a different principle. Beneficence is the principle of acting in the best interest of the client by promoting good and preventing harm. Although related to the scenario, beneficence focuses more on the proactive aspect of providing care rather than preventing harm resulting from inaction. Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle of 'do no harm.' The nurse violated this principle by discharging the client without ensuring they had a designated driver, leading to a motor vehicle collision and injuries. The nurse's action indirectly caused harm, violating the principle of nonmaleficence.
Question 4 of 5
A school nurse is helping emergency medical services (EMS) triage students after a bus accident occurred in the school parking lot. A 10-year-old client is awake, alert, and ambulatory but reports a headache and neck pain. Using START triage, what acuity level would be assigned to this client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The red category in START triage is reserved for clients who need immediate intervention to survive. This includes those with life-threatening injuries such as severe bleeding or airway obstruction. In this scenario, the 10-year-old client is awake, alert, and ambulatory, indicating that their condition is not immediately life-threatening.
Therefore, the red category is not applicable. The green category is used for clients who are able to walk and have minor injuries. While the 10-year-old client is ambulatory, the presence of a headache and neck pain suggests that their injuries might be more severe than minor. The green category would not be appropriate because their symptoms indicate a need for further evaluation and monitoring. The black category is assigned to clients who are deceased or have injuries so severe that survival is unlikely even with immediate medical intervention. The 10-year-old client is awake, alert, and able to walk, which clearly does not align with the criteria for the black category.
Therefore, this category is not suitable for the client's condition. The yellow category in START triage is for clients who require medical attention but their injuries are not immediately life-threatening. Given that the 10-year-old client is reporting a headache and neck pain, there is a potential risk of underlying injury that warrants attention but does not require immediate intervention. Thus, the yellow category is the most appropriate acuity level for this client.
Question 5 of 5
As a member of the quality improvement committee, a nurse is evaluating the results of recently implemented measures designed to reduce medication errors. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to evaluate the success of the changes?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Conducting a study about the time and money costs of implementing the change is valuable for understanding the resource implications of the measures. However, it does not directly evaluate the effectiveness of the changes in reducing medication errors. Providing the staff with a questionnaire to quantify staff satisfaction with the changes can offer insights into how well the measures are being received by the staff and may indicate potential areas for improvement in implementation. Nonetheless, it does not measure the direct impact on medication error rates. Comparing the number of medication errors before and after the action was implemented is the most direct and effective method to evaluate the success of the changes. This approach allows the committee to measure the actual impact of the interventions on reducing medication errors, providing clear evidence of their effectiveness. Establishing a benchmark to identify a standard of performance is essential for setting goals and expectations. However, it is not a method for evaluating the success of changes that have already been implemented. It is more relevant for future goal-setting and performance measurement.