ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A community health nurse is developing a brochure about obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which of the following potential complications of OSA should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnea can lead to complications such as heart failure due to the repeated episodes of oxygen deprivation and stress on the cardiovascular system during apnea episodes. This can result in increased risk of hypertension, arrhythmias, and ultimately heart failure. Enlarged adenoids (
A), diabetes mellitus (
B), and nasal polyps (
C) are not direct complications of OSA. Adenoid enlargement may contribute to OSA, but it is not a complication of the condition itself. Diabetes mellitus is not directly linked to OSA, although there may be a correlation. Nasal polyps are not a typical complication of OSA.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who wants to stop receiving treatment for terminal cancer. The client's family asks the nurse if it is possible to continue the treatment without the client's knowledge. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
1. The nurse must prioritize the client's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own care.
2. Continuing treatment without the client's knowledge violates their autonomy and ethical principles.
3. By respecting the client's wishes to stop treatment, the nurse upholds the principle of beneficence by promoting the client's well-being.
4. Informing the family of the client's right to refuse care educates them on the importance of respecting the client's autonomy.
Summary:
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Choice B: Involving a health care surrogate is only necessary if the client is incapacitated or unable to make decisions, not when they have capacity.
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Choice C: Discussing treatment options without the client's presence undermines their autonomy and does not respect their decision-making authority.
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Choice D: Involving the ethics committee is not necessary here; the nurse should first address the family's request directly with the client.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a female client who is postoperative and is having difficulty urinating after the removal of an indwelling urinary catheter. Which of the following techniques should the nurse teach the client to use to promote urination?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Pouring warm water over the perineum
Rationale: Warm water acts as a stimulant for the bladder, promoting relaxation of the pelvic floor muscles and facilitating urination. The warm water helps to increase blood flow to the area, which can aid in stimulating the urge to urinate. By pouring warm water over the perineum, the client can potentially overcome the difficulty in urination postoperatively. This technique is safe, non-invasive, and can be easily performed by the client without the need for medical intervention.
Summary of other choices:
A: Stroking the lower abdomen - This technique may not directly stimulate the bladder or promote urination.
B: Performing Kegel exercises prior to urination - Kegel exercises focus on strengthening the pelvic floor muscles but may not address the immediate need for urination.
D: Leaning backward when sitting and attempting to urinate - This position may not be conducive to promoting urination and can potentially hinder
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who is preparing for their first pelvic examination. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to explain the procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because showing an online video that demonstrates what to expect allows for visual and auditory learning, which can help the adolescent better understand the procedure. It provides a clear and realistic depiction of what will happen during the pelvic examination, helping to alleviate any anxiety or uncertainty. This method is more direct and informative compared to the other options.
Option A (giving a short story pamphlet about puberty) may not directly address the specific procedure of a pelvic examination, leading to potential confusion for the adolescent. Option B (describing the steps to the adolescent's guardian) may not effectively involve the adolescent in understanding the procedure firsthand. Option D (using an anatomically correct puppet) may be too simplistic and may not accurately convey the seriousness of the examination.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of nurses about ways to advocate for clients. Which of the following suggestions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because advocating for clients involves promoting their best interests and well-being. Discussing alternative treatments that may harm the client goes against this principle.
Choice A is incorrect as it suggests passing off responsibility to another professional.
Choice B is incorrect as it prioritizes the nurse's opinions over the client's autonomy.
Choice C is incorrect as it does not actively advocate for the client but rather provides a passive solution.