ATI RN
ATI n200 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client with systemic lupus erythematosis has a history of tuberculosis exposure that has been treated. Which medication should the nurse question as possible cause for the lupus symptoms?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Isoniazid, a medication used to treat tuberculosis, can trigger or worsen systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) symptoms in some individuals. This is a known side effect, and the nurse should question its use in a client with a history of lupus. Furosemide is a diuretic that can cause electrolyte imbalances but is not typically associated with triggering lupus symptoms. Warfarin is an anticoagulant, and while it interacts with many drugs, it is not specifically associated with exacerbating lupus symptoms. Levofloxacin is an antibiotic and is generally safe for individuals with lupus unless there are specific contraindications, but it is not known to trigger lupus flare-ups.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who has sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured pelvis and femur. Two days later, the client becomes restless and confused. The nurse notes petechiae on the client's neck and chest. The nurse should expect which physician order?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Enzymatic medications are not relevant to this condition. Oxygen therapy is critical as these symptoms suggest fat embolism syndrome, which impairs oxygenation. Anticoagulation therapy is not appropriate for fat embolism syndrome, which differs from thromboembolism. Physical therapy is not an immediate intervention for this acute condition.
Question 3 of 5
The patient is post-op day 1 of a right total hip replacement. What precautions are necessary to prevent complications? (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: An adductor pillow helps maintain proper alignment and prevents the hip from crossing the midline (adduction). Limiting hip flexion to 90 degrees prevents dislocation by avoiding positions that could stress the hip joint. A fracture pan is not a necessary precaution for a total hip replacement; it is more relevant for clients with fractures. Adduction should be avoided to prevent the hip from dislocating. Internal rotation can cause the hip to dislocate, so it should be avoided.
Question 4 of 5
The experienced nurse understands that the student nurse may require additional instruction regarding proper respiratory assessment techniques when the nurse observes the student: (SELECT ALL THAT APPLY)
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale: Rapid breathing (
B) distorts breath sounds, and listening through clothing (
C) reduces accuracy. Full respirations (
A), slow deep breaths (D, ideally through the mouth), and assessing both phases (E) are correct techniques.
Question 5 of 5
The client has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis and asks, 'What impact will this have on my activities of daily living in the years to come?' What is the best response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Suggesting remedies prematurely without fully understanding the client's concerns might not address their specific needs. The best response is to encourage open communication by acknowledging the client's concerns and fostering a discussion. This approach helps the nurse understand the client's worries and provide tailored information about rheumatoid arthritis and its potential impact on daily life. The progression of rheumatoid arthritis is variable and can affect activities of daily living more noticeably over time; it's not always subtle. While predicting disease outcomes can be difficult, giving a more open response like option B will foster better communication and support.