ATI RN
ATI Nursing 137 Exam 3 Fall 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client states,I can hear a crunching or grating sound when I kneel and have difficulty getting out of bed in the morning because of pain and stiffness. Which of the following should the nurse expect as an assessment finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Crepitation. Crepitation refers to the crunching or grating sound heard when bones rub against each other due to cartilage wear. It is associated with osteoarthritis, which causes pain and stiffness, especially in the morning. Other choices are incorrect because:
A) Bone spur is a bony projection, not associated with sounds;
C) Tendonitis involves inflammation of tendons, not bones;
D) Fluid in the knee joint (effusion) can cause swelling but not the described symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
The student nurse is studying the functioning of the nervous system. Which of the following descriptions of the central nervous system is accurate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The central nervous system is made up of the brain and spinal cord. This is accurate because the central nervous system comprises the brain, which controls cognitive and sensory functions, and the spinal cord, which transmits signals between the brain and the rest of the body. The other choices are incorrect because A incorrectly includes "electrical impulse stimulators," which is not a component of the central nervous system. B is incorrect as the hypothalamus and cerebral nerves are specific structures within the brain and not the entire central nervous system. D is incorrect as it confuses the central nervous system with the broader nervous system, which includes the peripheral and autonomic components.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a male client about the reproductive system. The nurse recognizes that which structure secretes a thin milky alkaline fluid to enhance the viability of sperm?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cowper gland. The Cowper gland, also known as the bulbourethral gland, secretes a thin milky alkaline fluid that helps to neutralize the acidity of the urethra and enhance the viability of sperm. This fluid also lubricates the urethra, aiding in the passage of sperm during ejaculation. The other choices are incorrect because the prostate gland mainly produces a milky alkaline fluid to nourish and protect sperm, while the median sulcus is a groove on the surface of the prostate. The Cowper gland is the specific structure responsible for secreting the described fluid, making it the correct choice in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is preparing to complete a muscle strength assessment on a client. Which of the following assessment techniques should the nurse utilize?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Applying an opposing force when the individual puts a joint in flexion or extension is the appropriate technique for assessing muscle strength. This technique allows the nurse to evaluate the strength of the muscles by resisting the movement initiated by the client, providing a more accurate assessment of muscle strength. Estimating the degree of flexion and extension in each joint (choice
A) does not directly assess muscle strength. Measuring the degree of force to overcome joint flexion or extension (choice
B) focuses on the resistance rather than muscle strength. Observing muscles for contraction when lifting a heavy object (choice
D) assesses muscle function in a specific scenario, not overall strength.
Question 5 of 5
A client diagnosed with osteoporosis asks the nurse. "What is osteoporosis?" The nurse should provide which of the following explanations about osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is loss of bone density.
Rationale:
1. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone density, leading to weakened bones.
2. This loss of bone density increases the risk of fractures and bone breaks.
3. Other choices are incorrect:
- B: Osteoporosis is not about new bone growth; it is about the weakening of existing bone.
- C: Inadequate calcium intake can contribute to osteoporosis but is not the sole cause.
- D: While menopausal women are at higher risk, osteoporosis can affect men and women of all ages.