ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is teaching a client who has a new prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for management of hypertension. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Correct answer is A. Leg cramps are a common side effect of hydrochlorothiazide due to electrolyte imbalance. Monitoring for leg cramps will help in identifying and managing this side effect promptly.
Choices B and D are incorrect as hydrochlorothiazide can lead to electrolyte depletion, so increasing sodium intake is not recommended, and taking the medication at bedtime may increase nighttime urination.
Choice C is incorrect as headaches are not a common side effect of hydrochlorothiazide.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has myelosuppression after receiving chemotherapy. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bleeding from the gums. Myelosuppression leads to decreased production of blood cells, including platelets, which are essential for clotting. Bleeding from the gums is a common sign of thrombocytopenia, a condition where there are low platelet levels. Chest pain, fatigue, and severe headache are not directly associated with myelosuppression. Monitoring for bleeding tendencies is crucial in clients with myelosuppression to prevent complications like hemorrhage.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client following a right cataract extraction. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid lifting anything heavier than 4.5 kg (10 lb) for 1 week. This is important to prevent increased intraocular pressure that could lead to complications post cataract surgery. Lifting heavy objects can strain the eye and potentially disrupt the healing process.
B: Avoid reading for 1 week is incorrect as reading does not significantly impact intraocular pressure or the healing process post cataract surgery.
C: Limit eye movements for 1 week is incorrect as normal eye movements do not typically pose a risk to the surgical site after cataract extraction.
D: Do not bend forward at the waist for 1 week is incorrect as bending at the waist does not directly affect intraocular pressure or the healing of the eye after cataract surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse assesses an older adult with vision loss due to glaucoma. What is a safety hazard?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Presence of scatter rugs in the kitchen. Scatter rugs pose a tripping hazard for individuals with vision loss, especially in areas like the kitchen where spills and slippery surfaces are common. The other choices are incorrect because: A - Bright overhead lighting can actually be beneficial for those with vision loss by improving visibility; C - Using contrasting colors can aid in distinguishing objects and pathways; D - Wearing slip-resistant shoes can help prevent falls.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports a new onset of severe chest pain. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to determine if the client is experiencing a myocardial infarction?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perform a 12-lead ECG. This is because an ECG is the most reliable and direct way to assess for myocardial infarction by identifying characteristic changes in the heart's electrical activity. Nitroglycerin (
B) is used to relieve chest pain but should not be administered before confirming the diagnosis. Placing the client in a prone position (
C) is not appropriate for assessing chest pain. Assessing blood pressure (
D) is important but not the initial priority when suspecting myocardial infarction.