ATI RN
ATI Nurs 180 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is started on gemfibrozil (Lopid) to assist in the lowering of triglyceride level. Which of the following side effects is associated with gemfibrozil (Lopid)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Gallstones. Gemfibrozil can increase cholesterol excretion into bile, leading to an increased risk of gallstone formation. This occurs due to the drug's effect on altering cholesterol metabolism in the liver. Increased creatinine clearance (
A) and decreased PT time (
B) are not typically associated with gemfibrozil. Hyperkalemia (
C) is not a common side effect of gemfibrozil. In summary, gallstones are the side effect specifically linked to gemfibrozil, making it the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client following a myocardial infarction (MI) and prescribed aspirin 325mg PO daily. Which of following effects of this medication would this client benefit from following a MI?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Inhibits platelet aggregation. Aspirin, at a low dose of 81-325mg daily, is often prescribed following an MI to inhibit platelet aggregation, thereby reducing the risk of further clot formation and preventing future cardiovascular events. Aspirin's anti-inflammatory properties (choice
A) are not the primary mechanism for its benefit post-MI. Anti-pyretic (choice
B) and antiemetic (choice
C) effects are not relevant in this context. In summary, the main benefit of prescribing aspirin following an MI is its ability to inhibit platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of clot formation and subsequent cardiovascular complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who is taking atorvastatin (Lipitor) to assist in lowering his LDL cholesterol. Which lab value must be routinely done with this medication to prevent complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Liver function test. Atorvastatin is metabolized in the liver, potentially causing liver damage.
Therefore, routine monitoring of liver function tests is essential to detect any signs of liver toxicity early, allowing for prompt intervention and prevention of complications. Lung function tests (
A) are not directly related to atorvastatin use. Platelet counts (
B) are not typically affected by atorvastatin. Hemoglobin levels (
D) are not specifically monitored with atorvastatin use.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client who currently has a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following medications would be administered to lyse existing clots? (Select All that Apply.)
Correct Answer: D,F
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D,F
Rationale:
D: Alteplase (Activase) is a thrombolytic medication that helps dissolve existing clots by activating plasminogen to form plasmin, which breaks down fibrin in the clot.
F: Anistreplase (Eminase) is another thrombolytic medication that works similarly to alteplase in lysing existing clots.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Aspirin is an antiplatelet medication that helps prevent platelets from sticking together to form clots, but it does not lyse existing clots.
B: Low-molecular weight Heparin and C: Heparin are anticoagulants that prevent the formation of new clots, but they do not lyse existing clots.
E: Warfarin (Coumadin) is an anticoagulant that inhibits the synthesis of clotting factors, but it does not lyse existing clots.
Question 5 of 5
A client newly prescribed niacin (Nicotonic Acid) presents to the healthcare setting with complaints of flushing following doses. Which of the following medications would the nurse anticipate being administered?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: NSAIDS. Niacin causes flushing due to prostaglandin release, which can be mitigated by NSAIDs, as they inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. A: Calcium Channel Blockers, C: Beta Blockers, and D: Fibric Acid Derivatives do not directly address the mechanism of niacin-induced flushing and would not be effective in alleviating this side effect.