ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is receiving treatment for stage IV ovarian cancer and asks the nurse to discuss her prognosis. The client plans to have aggressive surgical, radiation, and chemotherapy treatments. Which of the following prognoses should the nurse discuss with the client?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Poor. In stage IV ovarian cancer, the cancer has spread beyond the ovaries to distant organs. Prognosis is generally poor due to the advanced stage of the disease. Aggressive treatments can help manage symptoms and improve quality of life but are unlikely to cure the cancer. Discussing a poor prognosis with the client allows for realistic expectations and informed decision-making.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they suggest a better prognosis which is not typical for stage IV ovarian cancer.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client for hypoxemia during an asthma attack. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Agitation. During an asthma attack, hypoxemia can lead to decreased oxygen supply to the brain, causing agitation due to hypoxia. Cyanosis (
A) is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, indicating severe hypoxemia. Hypotension (
C) is not typically associated with hypoxemia in asthma. Dizziness (
D) is more commonly seen in conditions like hyperventilation rather than hypoxemia. In summary, agitation is the most likely manifestation of hypoxemia during an asthma attack due to decreased oxygen supply to the brain.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of essential hypertension. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following findings that is consistent with this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vertigo. Essential hypertension can cause vertigo due to increased pressure in the blood vessels supplying the inner ear. Vertigo is a common symptom of hypertension. Fatigue (
B) is a non-specific symptom seen in many conditions. Excessive thirst (
C) and frequent urination (
D) are more indicative of diabetes mellitus rather than essential hypertension.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for a client who reports substernal chest pain and dyspnea. The client is vomiting and is diaphoretic. Which of the following laboratory tests are used to diagnose a myocardial infarction? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Troponin I, Troponin T, CPK, and Myoglobin are all specific laboratory tests used to diagnose a myocardial infarction. Troponin I and T are cardiac biomarkers released into the bloodstream following myocardial cell injury. Creatine phosphokinase (CPK) is an enzyme found in high concentrations in the heart muscle, and elevated levels indicate myocardial damage. Myoglobin is a protein released from damaged muscle cells, including cardiac muscle. These tests provide crucial information to confirm the diagnosis of a myocardial infarction.
Plasma low-density lipoproteins are not specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction. White blood cell count is not typically used for diagnosing a myocardial infarction, although it may be elevated in response to inflammation associated with heart damage. Blood glucose level is not specific for diagnosing a myocardial infarction and
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid foods high in fat. Biliary colic is caused by gallstones, and high-fat foods can trigger gallbladder contractions leading to pain.
Therefore, advising the client to avoid foods high in fat can help prevent biliary colic episodes.
Choice B is incorrect as carbohydrates do not directly affect biliary colic.
Choice C is incorrect because while a high-protein, low-fat diet may be beneficial for some conditions, it is not specifically recommended for biliary colic.
Choice D is incorrect as increasing intake of high-fat foods can worsen symptoms.