ATI RN
ATI Nur258 Med Surg 2 Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is diagnosed with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) as a result of a bacterial infection. Which nursing intervention may prevent the development of multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering antibiotics to treat the bacterial infection and maintaining a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of at least 65 mm Hg are essential interventions. Effective antibiotic therapy addresses the infection, and maintaining MAP ensures adequate organ perfusion, both of which help prevent the progression to MODS.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of gout about managing the disorder. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Focusing on losing weight to achieve a normal BMI is important for managing gout, as obesity is a risk factor for gout and can exacerbate symptoms. Weight loss can help reduce uric acid levels and improve overall management of the condition.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing dietary instructions for a client who has episodes of biliary colic from chronic cholecystitis. Which of the following responses from the client shows understanding of the teaching plan?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Avoiding foods high in fat, such as fried chicken, is important for managing biliary colic and chronic cholecystitis. Fatty foods can stimulate gallbladder contractions and exacerbate symptoms.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a student nurse about the effects of vasopressin that is prescribed for a client with diabetes insipidus. Which statement by the student nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Vasopressin acts to decrease urine output by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys, which helps manage diabetes insipidus.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic pain is using aspirin regularly to control her pain symptoms. She presents to the hospital with abdominal pain, pale skin, afebrile, and a blood pressure (BP) of 83/45 mm Hg. Which type of shock is the client most likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypovolemic shock is characterized by low blood pressure, pale skin, and abdominal pain due to significant fluid loss or hemorrhage. The client's symptoms, including hypotension and abdominal pain, suggest a reduction in blood volume potentially caused by gastrointestinal bleeding or ulceration, which is consistent with chronic aspirin use.