ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Exams Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client is admitted to the emergency room with a respiratory rate of $7/\min$. Arterial blood gases (ABG) reveal the following values. Which of the following is an appropriate analysis of the ABGs? pH 7.22, PaCO2 68 mm Hg, Base excess -2, PaO2 78 mm Hg, Saturation 80%, Bicarbonate 26 mEq/L
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: pH 7.22 indicates acidemia, and elevated PaCO2 (68 mm Hg) suggests hypoventilation, characteristic of respiratory acidosis due to CO2 retention. Normal bicarbonate and base excess indicate no metabolic compensation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The client tells the nurse, 'I can feel the congestion in my lungs, and I certainly cough a lot, but I can’t seem to bring anything up.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take to help this client with tenacious bronchial secretions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Increased fluid intake thins bronchial secretions, aiding expectoration in COPD. Low-salt diets, oxygen, and semi-Fowler’s position don’t directly address secretion viscosity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who reports back pain. The nurse asks the client to rate the pain on a scale of 0 to 10. The nurse is using which of the following components of the PQRST mnemonic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: In the PQRST mnemonic, 'S' stands for Severity. Asking the client to rate pain on a 0-10 scale assesses the intensity of the pain, providing a baseline for pain management.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering platelets to a client who reports having lower back pain and feeling chilled and itchy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Symptoms like lower back pain, chills, and itching suggest a transfusion reaction. Stopping the infusion immediately prevents further administration and prioritizes safety, followed by assessment and notification of the provider.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is using the NURSE mnemonic when speaking with a client who is experiencing grief. The client reports that they are feeling overwhelmed. Which of the following responses by the nurse demonstrates the 'E' in the NURSE mnemonic?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The 'E' in NURSE stands for empathize. Saying 'It sounds like you are exhausted' acknowledges and validates the client’s feelings of being overwhelmed, showing empathy. Other responses encourage dialogue or offer support but don’t directly empathize.