ATI RN
ATI N103N103 Fundamentals Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client has an injury to the left ankle requiring partial weight bearing. The client is elderly with a history of balance deficit. Which assistive device would be most appropriate for this client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Age dose of pain medication. This is the most appropriate choice for the elderly client with a balance deficit and an injury requiring partial weight bearing on the left ankle. Using an assistive device like crutches or a walker may be challenging for this client due to their balance deficit. Providing pain medication will help manage discomfort and reduce the risk of falls while allowing the client to maintain partial weight bearing on the injured ankle.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the client's specific needs related to balance deficits and partial weight bearing.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a child who is prescribed diphenhydramine 25 mg elixir every 4 hours as needed. The amount available is diphenhydramine elixir 125 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose?
Correct Answer: 1
Rationale:
Rationale:
To determine how many mL of diphenhydramine elixir to administer, you need to set up a proportion. Given 125 mg/5 mL, you want to find out how many mL for 25 mg. Cross-multiply: 125x = 25*5. Solve for x to get x = 1 mL. This is the correct answer.
Summary:
A. Incorrect - Not applicable.
B. Incorrect - Not applicable.
C. Incorrect - Not applicable.
D. Incorrect - Not applicable.
E. Incorrect - Not applicable.
F. Incorrect - Not applicable.
G. Incorrect - Not applicable.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is demonstrating to a client how to perform diaphragmatic breathing. The nurse should educate the client to complete which action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Tighten the abdominal muscles while exhaling. This is because during diaphragmatic breathing, also known as belly breathing, the focus is on the contraction of the diaphragm muscle and the expansion of the abdomen during inhalation. By tightening the abdominal muscles while exhaling, the client is able to fully expel the air from the lungs and engage the diaphragm effectively.
Choice A is incorrect because raising both shoulders while breathing deeply does not facilitate proper diaphragmatic breathing and can lead to tension in the neck and shoulders.
Choice B is incorrect as inhaling through the mouth is not a recommended technique for diaphragmatic breathing, as breathing through the nose is more efficient for deep breathing.
Choice C is incorrect as exhaling through the nose is not the primary focus of diaphragmatic breathing.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse positions the client in the orthopneic position. What is the primary reason for the use of this position for this client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Facilitates breathing. The orthopneic position helps COPD clients by maximizing lung expansion, allowing for improved airflow and oxygenation. This position reduces the work of breathing, making it easier for the client to breathe. Preventing pressure ulcers (
A) and supporting hip extension (
B) are not primary reasons for using the orthopneic position in COPD. Promoting urinary elimination (
D) is unrelated to the respiratory needs of the client.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse accidentally sticks her hand with a needle after administering an intramuscular (IM) injection to a client. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Washing the area of the puncture thoroughly with soap and water is the first priority to prevent infection. This action helps to clean the wound and reduce the risk of contamination. It is crucial to remove any potential pathogens that may have entered through the puncture site. Notifying employee health services (
B) and reporting the incident to the charge nurse (
D) are important steps to take after cleaning the wound, but they should follow the immediate cleaning of the site. Completing an incident report (
C) is also necessary but is a documentation step that can be done after addressing the immediate risk of infection.