ATI RN
ATI Fundamentals Assessment Exam Midterm Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A client describes a 3-week history of hoarseness. The client also reports feeling fatigue and noticeable weight gain over the past month. Which cause should the nurse consider as most likely?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hypothyroidism causes hoarseness (vocal cord effects), fatigue, and weight gain due to slowed metabolism. Gingivitis affects gums, aphthous ulcers cause mouth sores, and dysphagia involves swallowing difficulty, none matching all symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is performing a respiratory system physical examination. To assess the resonance of voice sounds heard during auscultation of the lungs, the nurse instructs the patient to say 'ee,' and if the sound is heard as 'ay,' this is known as:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Egophony occurs when 'ee' is heard as 'ay' during auscultation, indicating lung consolidation (e.g., pneumonia). Bronchovesicular sounds are normal, bronchophony involves louder voice sounds, and normal resonance is muffled.
Question 3 of 5
During the physical examination of the mouth, the nurse identifies vesicular eruptions along the client's lips and surrounding skin. Which problem should the nurse document?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) causes vesicular eruptions (cold sores) around the lips. Angular cheilitis involves corner-of-mouth inflammation, and angioedema causes swelling, not vesicles.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse educator is presenting at a continuing education seminar for nurses. As part of his presentation, he is emphasizing the prevention of skin breakdown in immobile patients who have suffered from a stroke. The level of prevention being discussed by the nurse educator is:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Tertiary prevention manages existing conditions like stroke to prevent complications such as skin breakdown through repositioning and skin care. Educational prevention isn’t a category, secondary involves early detection, and primary prevents stroke onset.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse prepares an educational session on the importance of oral hygiene. Which teaching tip should be included in the section about preventing gingivitis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Well-fitted dental restorations prevent plaque and bacteria buildup, reducing gingivitis risk. Firm toothbrushes damage gums, frequent gentle brushing is safe, and flossing despite bleeding removes plaque causing inflammation.