ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A child is admitted with possible coarctation of the aorta. The admitting nurse reviews the admitting orders for the child and should question which of the following orders?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because monitoring vital signs upon admission and then daily is inadequate for a child with possible coarctation of the aorta. Coarctation of the aorta can lead to significant changes in blood pressure and circulation. Close monitoring is crucial to detect any sudden changes that may indicate complications. Blood pressure should be monitored frequently, especially after any interventions or changes in condition. Regular monitoring of vital signs is essential for early detection of potential issues.
Choices A, B, and C are all important aspects of care for this child and should not be questioned.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a newborn whose mother was taking methadone during her pregnancy, which of the following findings indicates the newborn is experiencing withdrawal?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertonicity. Newborns exposed to opioids in utero often exhibit symptoms of withdrawal, known as Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS). Hypertonicity, or increased muscle tone, is a common sign of NAS. This occurs due to the withdrawal effects of methadone on the central nervous system. Bulging fontanels (
A) are not typically associated with NAS. Acrocyanosis (
B) is a common finding in newborns and not specific to NAS. Bradycardia (
C) refers to a slow heart rate and is not a typical sign of NAS.
Question 3 of 5
Which is descriptive of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Manifestations of ADHD affect all aspects of the child's life but are most obvious in the classroom. ADHD symptoms impact academic performance, social interactions, and behavior in various settings. Children with ADHD often struggle with impulse control, hyperactivity, and inattention, leading to challenges in the classroom environment. This choice acknowledges the pervasive nature of ADHD symptoms while highlighting the prominent impact on the child's educational experience.
Summary of other choices:
A: Incorrect - Manifestations of ADHD are not necessarily bizarre, and the diagnosis is often complex due to overlapping symptoms with other conditions.
C: Incorrect - Learning disabilities and ADHD are separate conditions, and ADHD symptoms may persist into adulthood without necessarily disappearing.
D: Incorrect - While consistent manifestations are a key diagnostic criterion, ADHD symptoms can fluctuate in intensity and may still be present without being constant.
Question 4 of 5
After receiving a stem cell transplant, the patient develops a rash and diarrhea. This most likely indicates:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Graft Vs. Host disease. This occurs when donor immune cells attack the recipient's tissues, leading to symptoms like rash and diarrhea. Neutropenia (
A) is low neutrophil count, not typically causing rash and diarrhea. Radiation toxicity (
B) would cause different symptoms, not typically rash and diarrhea. Gastroenteritis (
C) typically presents with nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain, not necessarily rash.
Question 5 of 5
A 15-year-old with type 1 diabetes mellitus presents with a fever and 48-hour history of vomiting. As the nurse, you note the child's breath has a fruity odour, his breathing is deep and rapid, and mom states he has become less arousable. You recognize these are the signs of:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DK
A). The fruity odor of breath, deep and rapid breathing (Kussmaul breathing), and altered mental status are classic signs of DKA. In DKA, the body produces excess ketones due to lack of insulin, leading to metabolic acidosis. Acute Hypoglycemia (
A) presents with low blood sugar levels, not high as in DKA. Hyperglycemia (
C) is a general term for high blood sugar without the specific ketone production seen in DKA. Polydipsia (
D) refers to excessive thirst, not the symptoms described in the scenario.