ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Assessment 2022 Questions
Extract:
A child with suspected epiglottitis
Question 1 of 5
A child arrives in the emergency department with a high fever, drooling, muffled voice, inspiratory stridor, and sternal retractions. The nurse suspects epiglottitis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Place the child on droplet precautions. This is the first action the nurse should take because epiglottitis is a medical emergency that requires immediate isolation to prevent the spread of infection. Placing the child on droplet precautions helps to protect other patients and healthcare workers from potential exposure. Administering IV fluids (choice
A) can be important but is not the priority in this situation. Obtaining an x-ray (choice
B) can further confirm the diagnosis but is not urgent. Initiating IV antibiotics (choice
C) is essential for treatment but should come after the child is isolated.
Extract:
A child recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy
Question 2 of 5
The parents of a child recently diagnosed with cerebral palsy ask the nurse about the limitations of the disorder. The nurse responds by explaining that the limitations occur as a result of which pathophysiological process?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A chronic disability characterized by impaired muscle movement and posture. Cerebral palsy is a neurological disorder that affects muscle control and movement due to damage to the developing brain. This results in limitations in movement, posture, and coordination.
A: An infectious disease of the central nervous system is incorrect because cerebral palsy is not caused by an infection.
B: An inflammation of the brain as a result of a viral illness is incorrect because cerebral palsy is not a result of brain inflammation from a viral illness.
D: A congenital condition that results in moderate to severe intellectual disabilities is incorrect because cerebral palsy primarily affects motor function, not intellectual abilities.
In summary, the limitations in cerebral palsy are due to impaired muscle movement and posture resulting from damage to the developing brain, not from infectious diseases, brain inflammation, or intellectual disabilities.
Extract:
A 7-month-old infant
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a clinic is assessing a 7-month-old infant. Which of the following indicates a need for further evaluation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Babbles one-syllable sounds. At 7 months, infants should be babbling multiple syllables. This indicates a delay in language development, requiring further evaluation.
Choices A, C, and D are typical developmental milestones for a 7-month-old. A is related to feeding behavior, C is about motor skills, and D is a normal phase of stranger anxiety in infants.
Extract:
An infant diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA)
Question 4 of 5
The registered nurse is discussing care of an infant diagnosed with a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) with a nursing student. The registered nurse determines that the nursing student needs further teaching regarding a PDA when the student states that which circulatory change is a characteristic of this disorder?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. In a patent ductus arteriosus (PD
A), blood is shunted from the aorta to the pulmonary artery, causing extra blood to circulate through the lungs. This means that blood is shunted to the right side of the heart, leading to increased pulmonary blood flow. However, blood is not shunted to the left side of the heart. This is incorrect because the left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs and then pumps it out to the body. Shunting blood to the left side would not be a characteristic of PDA and would disrupt the normal circulation pattern.
Therefore, option D is the correct answer as it does not accurately describe the circulatory change associated with a patent ductus arteriosus.
Extract:
An infant
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an infant at a well-child visit. The nurse should understand that birth weight typically doubles by what age?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: Birth weight typically doubles by 6 months due to rapid growth in infancy. Infants usually regain birth weight by 2 weeks and double by 4-6 months. By 9 months, they should triple their birth weight.
Therefore, C (6 months) is the correct answer.
Incorrect
Choices: A (9 months) is too late for doubling birth weight. B (12 months) is beyond doubling. D (3 months) is too early for doubling birth weight.