ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Final Exam I Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 55-year-old woman who recently reached menopause and has a family history of osteoporosis is diagnosed with osteopenia following a dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). During your teaching, you should explain that:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C
Rationale:
1. Increasing calcium intake helps maintain bone density, crucial in osteopenia.
2. Weight-bearing exercises stimulate bone growth and reduce calcium loss.
3. These interventions can slow the progression of osteopenia to osteoporosis.
4. Estrogen replacement only recommended for specific cases due to side effects.
5. Family history doesn't preclude prevention efforts.
6. Corticosteroid treatment can actually contribute to bone density loss.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer aspirin 650 mg PO every 12 hr. The amount available is aspirin 325 mg tablets. How many tablets should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 2 tablets.
To achieve a dose of 650 mg, the nurse would need to administer 2 tablets of 325 mg each (2 x 325 mg = 650 mg). This ensures the patient receives the prescribed dose.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not provide the precise dose of 650 mg as required. Option E, F, and G are not applicable.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who is dehydrated. Which BUN level should the nurse expect the client to have upon admission? (Normal BUN 10-20)
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 31 mg/dL. When a client is dehydrated, the blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level is expected to be elevated due to inadequate fluid intake. A BUN level of 31 mg/dL falls within the normal range of 10-20 mg/dL but is on the higher side, reflecting dehydration.
Choice A (165 mg/dL) is significantly elevated and indicates severe dehydration or kidney dysfunction.
Choice B (35 mg/dL) is slightly elevated but not as high as expected in dehydration.
Choice C (10 mg/dL) is within the normal range and does not reflect dehydration.
Therefore, the most appropriate choice is D as it aligns with the expected BUN level in a dehydrated client.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has left hemiparesis how to use a cane. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hold the cane on the right side to provide support for the weaker leg. This instruction is essential for a client with left hemiparesis as it ensures that the cane is providing support to the weaker side, which is the left side in this case. By holding the cane on the right side, the client can shift weight and balance towards the stronger side, allowing the weaker side to be supported and stabilized. This technique helps prevent falls and promotes safe ambulation.
Explanation of why other choices are incorrect:
B: Removing the rubber tip can decrease stability and traction, increasing the risk of slipping.
C: Advancing the right leg and cane together may not provide adequate support for the weaker leg.
D: Placing the cane 61 cm (24 in) in front of the feet before advancing is too far and may compromise balance and stability.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is lethargic, unconscious, and difficult to arouse. The client's blood sugar result was 40 mg/dL. The nurse anticipates which of the following to be administered?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: IV dextrose 50%. A blood sugar level of 40 mg/dL indicates severe hypoglycemia, requiring immediate intervention to raise blood sugar levels. IV dextrose 50% is the most appropriate choice as it provides a rapid increase in blood glucose levels. Orange juice (choice
A) and glucose tablets (choice
D) are not ideal in this scenario as the client is unconscious and may not be able to safely ingest these orally. Epinephrine (choice
B) is not indicated for hypoglycemia and could be harmful in this situation.