ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 3-year-old patient is taking therapeutic doses of Digoxin and Lasix for heart failure and has an order for daily labs to be drawn. What side effect of this drug combination would the nurse find most concerning?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypokalemia. Digoxin and Lasix can both cause potassium loss, leading to hypokalemia. In this case, hypokalemia is concerning as it can increase the risk of Digoxin toxicity, resulting in life-threatening arrhythmias. Hypernatremia (
A), hyponatremia (
C), and hyperkalemia (
D) are not common side effects of this drug combination and would not pose the same level of risk as hypokalemia.
Question 2 of 5
Which actions by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. This is important in preventing rheumatic fever as it helps identify and treat streptococcal infections promptly, which can lead to rheumatic fever if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (
A) and conducting routine blood pressure screenings (
B) are not directly related to preventing rheumatic fever. Recommending aspirin instead of acetaminophen (
D) can actually be harmful in children with viral infections, increasing the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Question 3 of 5
While caring for a hospitalized child, which of the following signs would lead the nurse to suspect the child has diabetes insipidus?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increased urination. Diabetes insipidus is characterized by excessive urination (polyuria) due to the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. This leads to a large volume of dilute urine being produced. The other options are not indicative of diabetes insipidus. Fruity breath (
B) is a sign of diabetic ketoacidosis, not diabetes insipidus. Weight gain (
C) is not a typical symptom of diabetes insipidus, as patients may even experience weight loss due to dehydration. Slurred speech (
D) is not directly related to diabetes insipidus.
Question 4 of 5
Fentanyl 30mcg IV is ordered. The vial contains 0.05mg/ml. How many ml should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
To calculate the amount of Fentanyl to administer, first convert 30mcg to mg by dividing by 1000 (30mcg = 0.03mg).
Then, divide the dose by the concentration of the vial (0.03mg ÷ 0.05mg/ml = 0.6ml). The correct answer is D (0.6ml).
Choice A (0.3ml) is incorrect because it doesn't account for the correct dosage calculation.
Choice B (3ml) is incorrect as it is too high, leading to potential overdose.
Choice C (0.06ml) is incorrect as it miscalculates the dosage based on the vial concentration.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a preschool age child who just received chemotherapy. The child's mother asks the nurse when it is safe for the child to attend his cousin's birthday party. Which is the correct response:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct response is C: About three weeks from today would be the safest time for him to attend a party. This answer is correct because chemotherapy can weaken the child's immune system, making him more susceptible to infections. Attending a party with a large number of people increases the risk of exposure to germs. Waiting for about three weeks allows the child's immune system to recover to a safer level before being exposed to a potentially infectious environment.
Choice A is incorrect because 7 to 10 days may not provide enough time for the child's immune system to recover adequately.
Choice B is incorrect as it disregards the child's health and safety by prioritizing immediate happiness over well-being.
Choice D is incorrect as it may be too restrictive; attending a party may be possible before completing chemotherapy if the child's immune system has recovered sufficiently.