ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Nursing Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A 25-year-old female patient presents with fever, chills, and a productive cough. Sputum culture reveals Gram-positive cocci in clusters. Which of the following bacterial organisms is most likely responsible for this infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive coccus forming clusters, is a common cause of pneumonia with these symptoms.
Question 2 of 5
A 72-year-old patient with a history of chronic hypertension is diagnosed with acute kidney injury (AKI) secondary to contrast-induced nephropathy. Which clinical finding would most likely be present in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Metabolic acidosis is common in AKI due to impaired acid excretion by the kidneys.
Question 3 of 5
A 65-year-old patient with a history of osteoarthritis reports increased pain and stiffness in the knees, particularly in the morning and after prolonged inactivity. Which intervention is most appropriate to recommend to this patient to help alleviate these symptoms?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Applying heat therapy to the affected joints before engaging in physical activity is an effective method for alleviating stiffness and promoting mobility. Heat helps relax muscles and improve blood flow to the affected area.
Question 4 of 5
A 38-year-old construction worker reports hand weakness and difficulty gripping tools. Examination reveals atrophy of the thenar eminence and decreased sensation in the thumb, index, and middle fingers. What diagnostic test would most likely confirm the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Electromyography (EMG) and nerve conduction studies are the gold standard for diagnosing carpal tunnel syndrome. These tests measure the electrical activity of the muscles and the speed of nerve impulses to confirm nerve compression.
Question 5 of 5
A 23-year-old patient is diagnosed with myoclonic seizures. Which of the following characteristics is most indicative of this type of seizure?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Myoclonic seizures involve sudden, brief, involuntary muscle jerks that typically occur on both sides of the body, which is the key characteristic for this type of seizure.