RN Maternal Nursing OB Newborn 2023 2024 Exam -Nurselytic

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fetal growth restriction. Oligohydramnios is a condition characterized by low amniotic fluid levels, which can lead to poor fetal growth due to decreased cushioning and space for the fetus to move and grow. This can result in intrauterine growth restriction and potential complications for the baby. Preterm labor (choice
A) can also be associated with oligohydramnios due to issues with placental function, but it is not a direct complication of low amniotic fluid levels. Polyhydramnios (choice
C) is the opposite condition of oligohydramnios and is not a potential complication of it.
Therefore, the correct answer is B as it directly relates to the impact of oligohydramnios on fetal growth.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fourth stage. The fourth stage of labor is the period immediately following the delivery of the baby and placenta, lasting up to 2 hours. This stage is crucial for monitoring the mother's vital signs and ensuring she recovers from the delivery process. It is characterized by postpartum uterine contractions, monitoring for excessive bleeding, and observing for signs of maternal complications. The first stage refers to the onset of labor until full dilation, the second stage is active labor and delivery of the baby, and the third stage is the delivery of the placenta.
Therefore, the fourth stage is specifically focused on the mother's recovery from delivery, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidural anesthesia. Epidural anesthesia is the recommended method for pain relief during labor for women with high-risk pregnancies as it provides effective pain relief while allowing the mother to remain conscious and able to actively participate in the birthing process. Epidurals can be adjusted to provide varying levels of pain relief and are considered safe for both the mother and the baby. Spinal anesthesia (
B) is typically used for cesarean sections and may not be suitable for the entire labor process. Intravenous opioids (
C) are less commonly used due to potential side effects on the baby.
Choice D is incorrect as not all methods are recommended for high-risk pregnancies.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Intra-abdominal injury. During a vacuum-assisted delivery, the vacuum extractor can potentially apply excessive force leading to intra-abdominal injury to the mother. This can include injuries to the uterus, bladder, or other abdominal organs. Fetal distress (choice
A) and maternal hemorrhage (choice
B) are potential complications of vacuum-assisted delivery as well, but they are not directly related to the mechanical trauma that can cause intra-abdominal injury.
Therefore, the correct answer is C as it specifically addresses a unique complication associated with vacuum-assisted delivery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Postpartum hemorrhage. A retained placenta can lead to postpartum hemorrhage due to incomplete delivery of the placenta, causing excessive bleeding. Preeclampsia and gestational diabetes are not directly related to a retained placenta.
Therefore, the correct answer is B.