ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
Jenny is a 7-year-old that weighs 64 lbs., who has an order for 1.5 times maintenance IV fluids for acute dehydration. What rate does the IV pump need to be set at?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: 148 ml/hr.
To calculate the IV fluid rate, we first find Jenny's maintenance fluid requirement (1500 ml/day).
Then, we multiply this by 1.5 to account for acute dehydration, resulting in 2250 ml/day. Finally, we convert this to hourly rate by dividing by 24, giving us 93.75 ml/hr. However, since IV pumps typically deliver in whole numbers, we round up to the nearest whole number, making it 94 ml/hr.
Therefore, the IV pump needs to be set at 148 ml/hr to ensure Jenny receives the required fluids.
Choice A (87 ml/hr) is incorrect because it does not account for the 1.5 times increase needed for acute dehydration.
Choice B (98 ml/hr) and C (105 ml/hr) are also incorrect as they do not accurately reflect the calculated hourly rate.
Question 2 of 5
Which is the most accurate genetic explanation for a family with hemophilia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: It is an X-linked recessive disorder. Hemophilia is caused by a mutation in genes located on the X chromosome. Males inherit the disorder from their mothers, as they only inherit one X chromosome. Females can be carriers if they inherit one mutated X chromosome. Autosomal recessive disorders (choice
B) require both parents to pass on the mutated gene. Hemophilia is not equally distributed among males and females (choice
C) because males are more likely to exhibit symptoms. Y-linked disorders (choice
D) are inherited only by males and are passed from father to son.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a baby that may have sickle cell disease. Which of the following tests should be performed to distinguish sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hemoglobin electrophoresis. This test is used to distinguish sickle cell trait from sickle cell disease by separating different types of hemoglobin based on their electrical charge. Sickle cell trait will show a different hemoglobin pattern compared to sickle cell disease.
B: Sickle solubility test is not specific enough to differentiate between sickle cell trait and disease.
C: Complete Blood Count (CB
C) provides general information about blood cells but does not specifically differentiate between sickle cell trait and disease.
D: International Normalized Ratio (INR) is used to monitor blood clotting and is not relevant for distinguishing sickle cell trait from disease.
Question 4 of 5
The doctor has ordered Synthroid 75 mcg oral daily. The available Synthroid is 0.15 mg tablets. How many tablets will the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0.5 tablet.
To determine the number of tablets needed, convert 75 mcg to mg by dividing by 1000 (75 mcg = 0.075 mg).
Then, divide the prescribed dose (0.075 mg) by the tablet strength (0.15 mg) to find the number of tablets needed (0.075 mg / 0.15 mg = 0.5 tablet). This calculation ensures the patient receives the correct dosage.
Choice A is incorrect as it does not account for the tablet strength.
Choices C and D are incorrect as they result in a higher dose than prescribed.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse caring for an adolescent patient with a diagnosis of goiter knows that goiter is most often caused by?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hashimoto Disease. Goiter is most commonly caused by Hashimoto Disease, which is an autoimmune condition where the body attacks the thyroid gland, leading to inflammation and enlargement of the gland. This results in the development of a goiter. Kawasaki's disease (
A), Takayasu Disease (
B), and Matsuzaki Disease (
C) are not typically associated with the development of goiter. A summary of why the other choices are incorrect: A is a systemic vasculitis, B is a type of vasculitis involving the aorta and its main branches, and C is a fictional disease.