ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client how to obtain a specimen at home for a fecal occult blood test. Which of the following actions should the nurse instruct the client to take for 3 days prior to collecting the specimen?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid eating red meat. Red meat can cause false positives in fecal occult blood tests due to the presence of heme iron which can be mistaken for blood. Instructing the client to avoid red meat for 3 days prior to collecting the specimen helps to ensure the accuracy of the test results.
Summary:
B: Increasing fiber intake does not directly impact the accuracy of the fecal occult blood test.
C: Taking an iron supplement can interfere with the test results by increasing the amount of iron in the stool, leading to false positives.
D: Drinking grapefruit juice is not relevant to the accuracy of the fecal occult blood test.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client immediately following intubation with an endotracheal (ET) tube. Which of the following methods should the nurse identify as the most reliable for verifying placement of the ET tube?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using an end-tidal CO2 detector. This method is the most reliable for verifying ET tube placement because it directly measures the presence of CO2 in exhaled breath, confirming that the tube is in the trachea. This is crucial to prevent inadvertent esophageal intubation. Observing for symmetrical chest rise and fall (
A) can be misleading as it can occur even with esophageal intubation. Auscultating bilateral breath sounds (
B) can also be unreliable as breath sounds may be heard even if the tube is in the esophagus. Checking for condensation in the ET tube (
D) is not a reliable method for verifying placement as condensation can occur regardless of tube placement.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse notes that a clients eyes are protruding slightly from their orbits. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should expect increased T4 levels in a client with slightly protruding eyes, known as exophthalmos, as it is a classic sign of hyperthyroidism, where the thyroid gland is overactive. Thyroid hormones, such as T4, are responsible for regulating metabolism, and elevated levels can lead to symptoms like exophthalmos. Decreased TSH levels (choice
A) would actually be seen in primary hyperthyroidism due to negative feedback. Elevated calcium levels (choice
C) are more indicative of hyperparathyroidism. Low hemoglobin levels (choice
D) are not typically associated with exophthalmos or hyperthyroidism.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is starting to receive hemodialysis for chronic kidney disease. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase your intake of protein to 1 to 1.5 grams per kilogram per day. This is because patients undergoing hemodialysis often experience protein loss during the process. Adequate protein intake helps maintain muscle mass and supports overall health. Option B is incorrect as fluid restriction is typically recommended for patients on hemodialysis due to impaired fluid removal by the kidneys. Option C is incorrect as increasing sodium intake can lead to fluid retention and exacerbate hypertension, a common complication in chronic kidney disease. Option D is not directly related to hemodialysis and is more pertinent to diabetes management.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has deep-vein thrombosis and is receiving heparin via continuous IV infusion. The clients weight is 80 kg (176.4 lb). Using the client information provided, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the heparin infusion for 1 hr. This is because the client's weight is crucial in determining the appropriate heparin dosage. Heparin is usually dosed based on the client's weight to prevent complications such as bleeding or clotting. In this case, the client's weight of 80 kg indicates a specific dose range for heparin. Stopping the infusion for 1 hour allows the nurse to reassess the client's condition and potentially adjust the heparin dosage to ensure it is safe and effective.
A: Increasing the infusion rate without proper assessment can lead to overdose and increased risk of bleeding.
B: Administering protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin overdose, not indicated in this scenario.
D: Decreasing the heparin dose without assessment may result in inadequate anticoagulation and increased risk of clot formation.