ATI RN
Community Health Verified Questions and Answers Test Bank Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most likely be completed by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness. As a nurse epidemiologist, the nurse's primary role is to investigate and analyze patterns of disease occurrence. By eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness, the nurse can gather essential data to identify potential sources of infection, risk factors, and patterns of disease spread within a population. This activity aligns with the epidemiological approach of understanding the distribution and determinants of health-related states.
Incorrect choices:
B: Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases - While this may be part of the nurse epidemiologist's duties, it does not directly involve gathering individual health histories to track disease patterns.
C: Performing a physical examination of an ill client - This task is more aligned with clinical nursing practice rather than epidemiological investigation.
D: Providing treatment and health education to a client with a disease - This is within the scope of direct patient care and does not focus on population
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an epidemiologist?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because Florence Nightingale's action of convincing other women to join her in providing nursing care to soldiers demonstrates her role as an epidemiologist. Epidemiologists study patterns and causes of diseases in populations, and Nightingale recognized the importance of improving healthcare practices on a larger scale by mobilizing a group to address the health needs of a population. This action aligns with the core principles of epidemiology in identifying and addressing health issues at a community level.
Choice B is incorrect because demonstrating a safer environment resulting in decreased mortality rate pertains more to public health rather than epidemiology.
Choice C is incorrect as obtaining safe water, better food supplies, and fighting lice and rats are related to public health and sanitation rather than epidemiology.
Choice D is incorrect as providing psychological support to soldiers is a compassionate nursing action, but it does not specifically demonstrate epidemiological principles.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more challenging than nursing in an acute care setting?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because limited access to information in the community setting hinders the nurse's ability to provide comprehensive care. In acute care settings, information such as patient history, lab results, and vital signs are readily available. In the community, nurses may have to rely on incomplete records or lack real-time data. This impacts treatment decisions and coordination with other healthcare providers.
Choice B is incorrect as paperwork is a common challenge in both settings.
Choice C is incorrect because controlling the environment in the community is different but not necessarily more challenging.
Choice D is incorrect as specialization can still occur in the community through advanced training and collaboration.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is administering a tuberculosis skin test to a client who has AIDS. Which of the following results should the nurse anticipate when using this screening test?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased sensitivity. In clients with AIDS, the immune system is compromised, leading to a decreased ability to mount a response to antigens, such as the one in the tuberculosis skin test. This results in a higher likelihood of false-negative results, as the client may have tuberculosis but not have a strong enough immune response to produce a positive result.
Therefore, the nurse should anticipate a decreased sensitivity in this population.
A: Decreased positive predictive value is not directly impacted by the client's immune status but rather by the prevalence of the disease in the population.
B: Decreased reliability is a vague term and not specific to the immune status of the client.
D: Decreased specificity is not typically affected by the client's immune status but rather by the test's ability to correctly identify those without the disease.
Question 5 of 5
Persons in an auditorium may have been exposed to a disease. If they are infected, it is crucial that they receive immediate treatment and not take the disease home to their families. Which of the following characteristics would be most important to consider when selecting the screening test to be used?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The sensitivity of the test. Sensitivity measures the ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who have the disease (true positives). In this scenario, selecting a screening test with high sensitivity is crucial to ensure that infected individuals are accurately identified and receive immediate treatment to prevent spreading the disease to their families.
A: The negative predictive value - This measures the probability that individuals with a negative test result truly do not have the disease and is not as important in this case where immediate treatment is vital.
B: The positive predictive value - This measures the probability that individuals with a positive test result truly have the disease and is not as critical as sensitivity in this context.
D: The specificity of the test - This measures the ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who do not have the disease (true negatives) and is not the most important consideration when the goal is to identify infected individuals for immediate treatment.