ATI RN
RN ATI Adult Medsurg Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin intermittent IV bolus therapy for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following findings is an indication to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The client is becoming flushed. Flushing is a common adverse effect of vancomycin, indicating a possible allergic reaction or infusion reaction. Flushing can be a sign of red man syndrome, a severe reaction to vancomycin. The nurse should monitor closely and report this finding to the healthcare provider.
Incorrect Answer
Rationale:
A: The client reports ringing in the ears - this is a potential adverse effect of vancomycin, but not as critical as flushing.
C: The client reports increased thirst - this is not typically associated with vancomycin adverse effects.
D: The client has a decreased urine output - this may indicate nephrotoxicity, a known side effect of vancomycin, but flushing is more indicative of an immediate adverse reaction.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a male client who has a new prescription for cyclosporine following a kidney transplant. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of this therapy?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: BUN 24 mg/dL. Cyclosporine, an immunosuppressant medication, can cause nephrotoxicity as an adverse effect. An elevated BUN level indicates impaired kidney function, which can be a consequence of cyclosporine therapy. Blood glucose level (choice
B) and platelet count (choice
C) are not typically affected by cyclosporine. Hemoglobin level (choice E) is not directly related to cyclosporine therapy.
Therefore, the nurse should be vigilant for signs of nephrotoxicity by monitoring the client's BUN level.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has dumping syndrome following a gastric resection. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following complications of dumping syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Iron-deficiency anemia. Dumping syndrome following a gastric resection can lead to rapid emptying of the stomach contents into the small intestine, causing malabsorption of nutrients, especially iron. Iron-deficiency anemia can develop due to inadequate iron absorption. Monitoring for anemia is crucial in these clients.
Hyperkalemia (
A), hypoglycemia (
B), and hypertension (
D) are not typical complications of dumping syndrome. Hyperkalemia is high potassium levels, hypoglycemia is low blood sugar, and hypertension is high blood pressure, which are not directly associated with dumping syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who takes salmeterol to treat moderate asthma. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because an increase in the client's daily peak expiratory flow (PEF) by 85% above their personal best indicates improved lung function, which is a positive response to salmeterol. This demonstrates that the medication is effectively managing the asthma symptoms.
Choice A is incorrect because decreased mucus production is not a direct indicator of salmeterol's effectiveness in treating asthma.
Choice C is incorrect as the respiratory rate alone does not provide specific information about the medication's effectiveness.
Choice D is incorrect since the absence of nighttime coughing may be due to various factors and not solely because of salmeterol's effectiveness.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching about health promotion activities for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B
Rationale:
1. Checking blood sugar before exercise is crucial for individuals with type 1 diabetes to prevent hypoglycemia.
2. It allows the client to adjust their insulin dosage or carbohydrate intake based on their blood sugar level.
3. Monitoring blood sugar helps maintain safe levels during physical activity.
4. Other choices are incorrect as high-protein diet may not be necessary, avoiding all sugar is extreme, and insulin should be taken as prescribed, not based on symptoms.