ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has HIV. Which of the following laboratory values is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: CD4-T-cell count 180 cells/mm3. In HIV, monitoring CD4-T-cell count is crucial as it reflects the immune system's ability to fight infections. A low CD4 count indicates immunosuppression, increasing the risk of opportunistic infections.
Therefore, it is the nurse's priority to monitor and ensure the CD4 count remains above critical levels to prevent complications.
Other choices are incorrect because:
B: White blood cell count is important but not as specific to HIV management.
C: Hemoglobin level is important for assessing anemia but not a priority in HIV care.
D: Platelet count is important for clotting but not directly related to HIV progression.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is instructing a client how to decrease the nausea associated with chemotherapy and radiation. Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "I will eat food that are served at room temperature." This is correct because consuming foods at room temperature helps reduce nausea associated with chemotherapy and radiation. Cold foods can worsen nausea, while hot foods can trigger vomiting. Avoiding extreme temperatures can help alleviate nausea.
Choice B is incorrect because avoiding liquids with meals can lead to dehydration and worsen nausea.
Choice C is incorrect because spicy foods can exacerbate nausea rather than improve appetite.
Choice D is incorrect because drinking hot liquids can aggravate nausea.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing discharge instructions with a client following a right cataract extraction. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid lifting anything heavier than 4.5 kg (10 lb) for 1 week. This is important to prevent increased intraocular pressure that could lead to complications post cataract surgery. Lifting heavy objects can strain the eye and potentially disrupt the healing process.
B: Avoid reading for 1 week is incorrect as reading does not significantly impact intraocular pressure or the healing process post cataract surgery.
C: Limit eye movements for 1 week is incorrect as normal eye movements do not typically pose a risk to the surgical site after cataract extraction.
D: Do not bend forward at the waist for 1 week is incorrect as bending at the waist does not directly affect intraocular pressure or the healing of the eye after cataract surgery.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching about adverse effects of anastrozole with a client who has advanced breast cancer and is postmenopausal. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse recommend the client report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Musculoskeletal pain. Anastrozole, an aromatase inhibitor used in breast cancer treatment, can cause musculoskeletal pain as a common adverse effect. This is important to report to the provider as it may indicate musculoskeletal issues such as osteoporosis or arthritis. Fatigue (
A) and hot flashes (
B) are common side effects of anastrozole but not typically indicative of serious issues requiring immediate attention. Nausea (
D) is also a common side effect but is usually manageable and not a significant concern unless severe. It is crucial for the nurse to prioritize musculoskeletal pain as a potential indicator of more serious complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings for a client who developed fat embolism syndrome (FES) following a fracture. Which of the following laboratory findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased serum calcium level. In fat embolism syndrome (FES), fat droplets enter the bloodstream and can affect various organs. One of the common complications is hypocalcemia due to the binding of calcium to the fatty acids, leading to decreased serum calcium levels. This can result in symptoms such as confusion, tetany, and seizures. The other choices are incorrect because: B: Increased potassium level is not typically associated with FES. C: Decreased white blood cell count is not a common finding in FES. D: Increased serum albumin level is not related to FES.