ATI RN
ATI Fundamental Proctored Exam 2024-2025 Online Practice 250 Simulated Exam Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is assisting with the admission of a client to an inpatient unit. Which of the following sources of information should the nurse use as a primary source of accurate data about the client?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Client concerns. This is because the client themselves is the primary source of information about their own health and well-being. By directly listening to the client's concerns, the nurse can gather accurate and firsthand information. Family information (
B) may be helpful but is secondary to the client's own input. Medical history (
C) is important but may not always reflect the current situation. Progress notes (
D) are valuable but are based on observations and interpretations by healthcare providers.
Therefore, relying on the client's concerns ensures the most accurate and up-to-date information for the admission process.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is collecting data about a client's pulmonary system. While auscultating the client's lungs, the nurse hears continuous gurgling, low-pitched sounds over the trachea and bronchi. Which of the following terms should the nurse use to document this finding?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Rhonchi. Rhonchi are continuous, low-pitched gurgling sounds heard over the trachea and bronchi. This finding indicates the presence of secretions or mucus in the larger airways. Crackles (
B) are discontinuous, popping sounds heard during inspiration and indicate fluid in the alveoli. Wheezing (
C) is a high-pitched whistling sound that occurs when air flows through narrowed airways. Friction rub (
D) is a grating or rubbing sound heard during inspiration and expiration, caused by inflammation of the pleural surfaces. The other choices are not consistent with the described findings.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is collecting data from an older adult client who comes to the clinic with dry, flaky skin on her upper back. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Dry, flaky skin is a common finding in older adults due to decreased oil gland activity. The nurse should note this as an expected finding because it is often a normal part of aging and not necessarily indicative of a health concern. Option B is unnecessary as the nurse can inspect the back during the general skin assessment. Option C, checking skin turgor, is not relevant to dry, flaky skin. Option D, using a penlight for detailed examination, is excessive for this situation.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is collecting data about a client's cardiac functioning. The nurse auscultates an S3 sound. Which of the following causes should the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ventricular gallop. An S3 heart sound is indicative of rapid ventricular filling during diastole, which is commonly associated with heart failure. This sound occurs during the early phase of diastole when the ventricles are filled rapidly due to increased pressure in the atria. The S3 sound is heard immediately after S2 (closure of semilunar valves) when blood is rushing into the ventricles. Atrial gallop (choice
A) is not associated with the S3 sound. The closing of the atrioventricular valves (choice
C) is part of the normal heart sounds and does not produce an S3 sound. Similarly, the closing of semilunar valves (choice
D) occurs during S2 but does not cause an S3 sound.
Therefore, the correct answer is B as it directly relates to the pathophysiology of an S3 heart sound.
Question 5 of 5
While auscultating a client's heart sounds, the nurse hears turbulence between S1 and S2. The nurse should document this finding as which of the following?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A systolic murmur. Turbulence between S1 and S2 indicates a heart sound occurring during systole. Systolic murmurs are abnormal heart sounds heard between S1 and S2, often indicating a problem with the heart valves. S3 and S4 heart sounds occur after S2 and are associated with ventricular filling abnormalities. An expected heart sound would not exhibit turbulence.
Therefore, the correct choice is A.